太湖水中可溶性有机质、悬浮质和浮游藻类色素的光学特性的测定  

MEASUREMENT OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLUBLE ORGANIC MATERIALS SUSPENDED PARTICLES AND PIGMENT OF PLANKTON ALGAE SAMPLED FROM TAIHU LAKE

作　　者：杨平[1] 高锡芸[1] 蔡启铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》1992年第1期63-71,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(№4880207)

摘　　要：本文着重分析了分光光度计测定的太湖水体中悬浮质、可溶性有机质和浮游藻类色素在可见光波段(400nm—700nm)的吸收;讨论了对池塘及两种高等植物色素吸收的对比测定;并利用迭代回归方法对测试样品的散射效应进行了订正。结果表明:(1)可溶性有机质吸收在短波部分较强;并且随着入射波长的增大,吸收几乎呈指数律减小,减小速率比国外海洋中的测量结果小。(2)水中悬浮质对光具有较强的散射作用,散射系数约按入射波长呈倒数变化。(3)不同植物中的色素的吸收光谱有明显差异。此外,利用所测数据,本文还对冬季太湖水体的反射光谱和向下光照衰减系数进行了数值计算,表明该水体对入射光照的反射和衰减与纯净水情况有很大差别,目此,太湖水光学特性研究中必须考虑水中物质的影响。The attenuation of visible light(400nm-700nm) was measured by using spectrophotometer for the suspended particles, soluble organic materials and pigment of plankton algae from Taihu Lake, and the experiments were also conducted with the samples from a pond and two other kinds of plants. By means of iterative regression, the effects of scattering were considered for the measured data. Consequently, the scattering and absorption coefficients were obtained. The results show: 1) The absorption of soluble organic materials is strong at short wavelengths and decreases with the increasing of wavelength exponentially. The decreasing rate is less than that reported for sea water. 2)The scattering of suspended particles is intensive and the scattering coefficient varies with the inverse power of wavelength. 3) The absorption spectrums of pigment from various plants are different remarkably. Moreover, the reflection spectrum and downward attenuation coefficient of Taihu Lake are computed, and it is shown that both the reflection and attenuation of incident light for a natural water body are quite different from those for pure water medium. Therefore, the effects of each component of substance in the lake must be taken into consideration in the study of optical characteristics of the lake.

关 键 词：光学特性 测定 太湖 有机质 悬浮质 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]