大菱鲆鳔器官发育的形态学与组织学特征  

Morphology and histology of swimbladder development in turbot Scophthalmus maximus

作　　者：门强[1] 雷霁霖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2003年第2期111-116,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业部"九四八"项目资助(963084).

摘　　要：取0～63日龄的大菱鲆(ScophthalmusmaximusL.)进行固定并显微组织切片观察。根据观察结果将大菱鲆鳔器官发育周期分为形成、充气、退化和消失4个阶段。在水温15～16℃下,初孵仔鱼的鳔原基未出现;孵化后第2天,鳔原基形成;孵化后第5天,气腺形成并首次充气;孵化后第8天,鳔腔中充满气体。到第19天大部分仔鱼的鳔腔中充满气体,气腺最发达。仔鱼的变态发育和鳔器官的退化几乎同步进行。孵化后第25天,鳔前端的气腺上皮首先退化,只余腹部的气腺上皮;至第31天,整个气腺完全退化,开始变态为幼鱼;至第63天鳔完全消失。过度膨胀的鳔器官内腔被来自内壁增生和肥大的上皮细胞占据。未充气的鳔器官较小,鳔腔内有中等程度的炎症。本实验目的旨为大菱鲆人工育苗中提高鳔的充气率从而提高其成活率提供基础依据。The larval turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, at the age of 0-63 days were sampled. Based on the observation under Olympus microscope, the development of turbot swimbladder can be divided into four stages, which are stages of formation, initial inflation, degeneration and disappearance, respectively. At 15-16 ℃, the primordial swimbladder in newlyhatched larvae can not be distinguished until the second day after the hatch. The gas gland forms and the swimbladder is inflated initially on day five after the hatch. The cavity is full of gas on day eight. Most of the larvae have their swimbladder inflated at 19 days of age, and the gas gland is the most developed at that time. The metamorphosis of the larvae is almost coincided with the degeneration of swimbladder. When the larvae come into juvenile, the gas gland begins to generate until day 25 when its epithelia in the front of the swimbladder wall degenerates firstly, but the ventral part remains. At 31 days of age, the gas glsand epithelium disappears completely, and the youngs begin to sink to the bottom but in some individuals the swimbladder still exists. At 63 days of age, the swimbladder does not exist and the young sink to the bottom thoroughly. The cavity of swimbladder expanding abnormally is occupied by the proliferated epithelium from the inner wall of swimbladder. The inflammation can be obseved to some extent in the uninflated swimbladder.Key woprds: Scophthalmus maximus; swimbladder development; morphology; histology

关 键 词：大菱鲆 鳔器官发育 形态学特征 组织学特征 人工育苗 充气率 成活率 

分 类 号：Q959.486[生物学—动物学] S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]