特别概念与认知参照点  

Ad Hoc Concepts and Cognitive Reference Points

作　　者：蒋勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学博士后流动站,上海200433

出　　处：《外语教学》2003年第2期1-5,共5页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：特别概念是指人们根据语用目的在想象中虚构的新创概念。铸造特别概念的认知过程表现为认知者在工作记忆中加工长时记忆中的内容 ,动态地建构新的概念结构的运算过程 ,它是一种高级认知和语用技巧。民俗文化认知模式中很多是由特别概念构成的 ,这反映在民族的神话、寓言、谚语、歇后语、成语典故等语言化石中。在言语交际中 ,讲话人使用特别概念 ,给听话人提供认知参照点 ,以期达到启迪智慧、开阔眼界、指点迷津等语用目的。本文探讨特别概念的铸造方法和它的认知参照功能。Ad hoc concepts refer to the fictionally integrated conceptual structures. The construction of ad hoc concepts is an advanced operation in cognition and communication in that cognitive agents dynamically access different subsets of knowledge in the long-term memory and blend them into emergent conceptual structures in the working memory. The pervasiveness of ad hoc concepts in myths, fables, proverbs, idioms, etc. shows that they have constructed many of our cultural cognitive models. This paper first investigates the researches in reference points, and proceeds to explore the notion of ad hoc concepts as well as the specific means by which they are constructed both in literature and daily language, and concludes that ad hoc concepts can play the role of referent points in communication and cognition.

关 键 词：特别概念 映射 复合 认知参照点 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]