过渡族金属元素同位素分析方法及其地质应用  

TRANSITION METAL ISOTOPES:ANALYTICAL METHODS AND GEOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

作　　者：蒋少涌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学系内生金属成矿作用国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《地学前缘》2003年第2期269-278,共10页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金资助项目 ( 4 992 5 3 0 6)

摘　　要：由于同位素分析方法的改进和多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪 (MC ICP MS)的应用 ,近年来过渡族金属元素 (Cu ,Zn和Fe)同位素地球化学有了长足进步 ,成为国际地学领域的一个前沿研究方向。Cu同位素在自然界中的变化最大 ,δ65Cu值为 - 3.70‰～ +2 .0 5‰ ;Zn和Fe同位素变化比Cu同位素变化小 ,δ66Zn值为 - 0 .6 4‰～ +1.16‰ ,而δ56Fe值为 - 1.6 2‰～ +0 .91‰。自然界中各种无机过程 (从高温到低温 )和生物有机过程均能使Cu ,Zn和Fe同位素发生分馏。Cu、Zn和Fe在自然界中广泛分布于各类矿物、岩石、流体和生物体中 ,并广泛参与成岩成矿作用、热液活动和生命活动过程。因此 ,这些过渡族金属元素同位素已在陨石和宇宙化学、矿床学 ,海洋学和生物学等领域的研究中取得了显著成效 ,并将成为地球科学中具有巨大应用前景的一种新的地球化学手段。In recent years, the transition metal (Cu, Zn and Fe) isotope geochemistry has made great progress due to the improvement of analytical methods and the use of MC ICPMS, which have formed a new frontier in Earth Sciences. Cu isotopes show the largest δ 65 Cu variation in nature from -3.70‰ to +2.05‰, whereas the variations of Zn and Fe isotopes are much smaller with δ 66 Zn values of -0.64‰ ～ +1.16‰ and δ 56 Fe values of -1.62‰ ～ +0.91‰. Cu, Zn and Fe isotopes can be readily fractionated during abiotic chemical processes from low to very high temperatures. These isotopes can also be fractionated during biological processes. Cu, Zn and Fe exist in a wide variety of rocks, minerals, fluids, and biological bodies, and are active during ore forming, rock forming, hydrothermal and biological processes. Therefore, the use of these isotope systems has significantly importance in the fields of cosmochemistry, ore deposits, ocean sciences and biology, and will certainly become a useful geochemical tool in the Earth sciences.

关 键 词：过渡族金属元素同位素 电感耦合等离子体质谱仪 同位素地球化学 铜同位素 分馏效应 分析方法 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] P597[天文地球—地质学]