五种野生观赏报春花引种驯化初报  

A Preliminary Report on Acclimatization of Five Wild Ornamental Primroses

作　　者：张长芹[1] 朱惠芬[1] 吴之坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2003年第2期216-222,共7页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金 (2 0 0 1C0 0 5 7M);中国科学院知识创新项目;科技部科技专项 (2 0 0 1DEA10 0 0 9)资助项目

摘　　要：报道了采自云南西北部的 5种野生报春 (灰岩皱叶报春PrimulaforrestiiFranch ,海仙花P poissoniiFranch ,橘红灯台报春P bulleyanaForr .,偏花报春P secundifloraFranch和钟花报春P sikkimensisHook ,)的引种驯化研究。将采自不同地方 ,不同气候以及不同生态环境下的种子 ,通过在不同控制条件下包括基质、温度、光照等“从种子到种子”整个过程的实验观察 ,得出结果如下 :(1)虽然每个种的种子在不同的基质中萌发率参差不齐 ,但所有种子在昆明栽培条件下都有高的萌发适应性。 (2 )虽然它们的开花时间不同 (海仙花和偏花报春除外 ) ,但所有从播种获得的植株要 10～ 16个月才能开花 ,与野生报春相比栽培的报春花花期提前 2～ 3个月 ,灰岩皱叶报春还出现了重瓣花。 (3)苗圃的报春花结实率比在野生状态下的低 ,人工授粉后座果率有所提高。The acclimatization of five wild Primroses ( Prim ul a forrestii Franch, P.poissonii Franch, P.bulleyana Forr., P.secundi flora Franch and P.sikkimensis Hook,) from N.W.Yunnan is reported in the present paper.Their seeds were collected from different places with various clim ate and ecological environments.Through observation for the process from 'seed to seed' in different controls including mediums, temperature, light duration e tc,we come out with three convincing arguments:(1)All seeds possess a high germi nation adaptability in cultivation in Kunming,though the germination capacity of each species seeds in different medium is uneven.(2)All plants from the sowing seeds took 10-16 months to flower,though their flowering time is different excep t P.poissonii and P.sikkimensis .In contrast to the wild plants,the cul tivating ones brought their flowering time 2-3 months ahead. Primula forrestii in cultivation developed flowers double petals.(3)The fruiting ratio of the p lants cultivated in our nursery is lower than that of wild ones.Through artifici al pollination of P.forrestii ,its fruiting ratio was promoted.

关 键 词：报春花 引种驯化 种子萌发 开花 结果 野生资源 

分 类 号：S682.15[农业科学—观赏园艺]