哮喘儿童照顾者心理状况及家庭环境调查  

To survey the psychologic states of asthmatic children's attendants and family circumstances

作　　者：段金莲[1] 牛轶[1] 程自立[1] 王高华[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院临床心理科,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2003年第2期221-222,238,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：目的　调查哮喘儿照顾者心理状况、家庭环境 ,分析不同病情程度哮喘患儿社会心理因素的差异 ,以期探讨这些因素对疾病的影响以及各社会心理因素之间的相互作用。方法　采用《一般情况调查表》、STAI、LES[1 ] 量表 ,对 62例哮喘儿童的照顾者及50例门诊非心理行为障碍患儿的照顾者进行调查分析。结果　本研究发现哮喘患儿照顾者的S AI分高于门诊非心理行为障碍患儿的照顾者 ,前者经历的负性事件频数、生活事件总频数均高于后者 ,且均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。哮喘患儿照顾者的T AI分与患儿学习受影响、家庭成员工作受影响、负性事件紧张总值、负性事件频数、生活事件紧张总值、生活事件总频数的相关均具有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5)。此外 ,中、重度哮喘患儿量化家庭关系和住房面积比间歇、轻度哮喘患儿的得分更高 ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　哮喘患儿照顾者就诊时的焦虑情绪更明显 ,遭遇的生活事件更多。患儿学习、家庭成员工作受影响程度越重 ,生活事件越多 ,精神紧张度越高加重照顾者焦虑情绪。Objective In order to render the more comprehensive care to asthmatic children, to survey the psychologic state of asthmatic children's attendants and family circumstance and to analyse the difference of the different states of asthma on psychosocial factors in asthmatic children. Hope for exploring the effect on asthma and the interaction between variously psychosocial factors. Methods To investigate and analyze 62 asthmatic children and 50 non psychology and behavior disorders children in outpatient with General Conditions Form and the scales of STAI and LES. Results The study found that the scores of S AI and the frequency of total life events and negative life events of asthmatic children's attendants were much higher than that of the non psychology and behavior disorders children's (P<0.05), moreover, the scores of S AI of the asthmatic children's attendants had the relevance of the statistics significance to the effect on asthmatic children's study and the family mumbers's work and the frequency and the stress of total life events and negative life events (P<0.05). The scores of quantizated family relation and housing area in moderate and serious asthmatic were much higher than that in intermissive and mild asthmatic(P<0.05). Conclusion The anxiety of the asthmatic children's attendants were obviouser when they saw doctor and they encountered the more life events. The seriouser effect on asthmatic's study and family mumbers's work and the more life events and the higher stress aggravated the anxiety of attendants. The worse family relation and the crowdeder housing area, the easier aggravation in asthmatic's condition. These pointed out that we should intervene the harmful factors of the asthmatic's attendant and family circumstances when the asthmatic children were treated.

关 键 词：儿童哮喘 照顾者 家庭环境 心理状况 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学] R725.622.5[医药卫生—医学心理学]