体表防护对迅速减压致兔肺损伤的防护作用  

EFFECT OF BODY SURFACE PROTECTION ON RABBIT LUNG INJURY INDUCED BY RAPID DECOMPRESSION

作　　者：刘晓鹏[1] 肖华军[1] 闫汝泉[1] 齐燕松[1] 金忠正[1] 石强[1] 秦志峰[1] 付丽姗[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2003年第2期101-104,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的 :研究迅速减压对肺损伤的影响及体表防护的作用 ,为修订机体对迅速减压的耐限和制定防护措施提供实验依据。方法 :制作不同减压速度和减压峰值动物模型。将 2 4只新西兰白兔随机分为 4组 :慢减压组 (S)、9.80kPa迅速减压组 (R1 )、1 3.72kPa迅速减压组 (R2 )和1 3.72kPa迅速减压胸腹部防护组 (R3) ,减压后观察各组动物的死亡和肺损伤情况。结果 :慢减压对肺不造成明显的损伤 ;迅速减压引起不同程度的肺损伤 ,减压峰值越高 ,伤情就越重 ,R1组肺损伤评分为 1 .5 0± 0 .5 5 ,而R2组为 3.5 0± 0 .84 (P <0 .0 1 )。采用胸腹部防护后 ,迅速减压造成的肺损伤明显减轻 ,R3组肺损伤评分为 1 .1 7± 0 .4 1 ,与无防护比较有明显差异 ,但与R1组无明显差别。肺组织光镜检查结果与大体观察评分结果相似。R2组有 3只动物死亡 ,其它各组无动物死亡。结论 :迅速减压造成一过性胸内压增高 ,引起机体肺脏损伤 ;胸腹部施加对抗压力可减轻肺损伤 。Objective:To study the effect of rapid decompression on rabbit lung injury and the effect of body surface protection,so as to provide experimental basis for revising the tolerance limit and making up protective measures. Methods:24 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups:slow decompression(S), rapid decompression of 9.8 kPa peak value (R1), of 13.72 kPa peak value(R2 ) and of 13.72 kPa peak value with body surface protection(R3) . The rabbit mortality rate and lung injury were observed after decompression. Results:Slow decompression did not bring about obvious lung injury, but different severity of lung injury occurred under rapid decompression of different peak values. The score of lung injury in R2 group (3.50±0.84) was significantly higher than that in R1 group (1.50±0.55, and P<0.01).When thoraco-abdominal protection on body surface was used, the score of lung injury in R3 group (1.17±0.41) was markedly decreased. There were no obvious differences in gross and microscopic examination of lung between R1 and R3 group. 3 rabbits in R2 group died whereas none were found in other groups.Conclusions: Rapid decompression could induce lung injury. The counterpressure to body surface of rabbits could relieve lung injury and raise the physiological tolerance limit to certain peak value of rapid decompression.

关 键 词：迅速减压 减压峰值 肺损伤 体表防护 动物实验 

分 类 号：R852.16[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]