夏施^(15)N-尿素在鸭梨树体内的吸收分配规律及其去向的研究  

STUDIES ON THE ABSORPTION、DISTRI-BUTION OF (15)~N OF 'YALI' PEAR TPEES AND THE FATE OF (15)~N FOLLOWING SUMMER APPLICATION OF (15)~N—UREA

作　　者：林余益 徐季娥 龚云池 高占峰[2] 陈良[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 [2]河北省农林科学院理化研究所

出　　处：《河北农业技术师范学院学报》1992年第4期41-46,共6页

摘　　要：1988～1989年,在田间微区内,研究了夏施^(15)N—尿素在鸭梨树体内的吸收分配规律及其去向。两年结果基本一致。树体吸收^(15)N很快,施肥后仅42d肥料利用率高达8.54％,但向上运转缓慢;当年果实速长期树体中35.9％的肥料氮(NDFF)分配在粗根中,分配到新生器官的仅有29.8％,果实的NDFF浓度为0.087mg/g.dw,比其他器官低得多;在果实生长后期NDFF仍在向果实中运转,长枝的NDFF分配率也持续不降。当年落叶休眠期,树体内的NDFF主要贮藏在多年生枝和粗根中,次年调运到新生器官,用于开花座果及枝叶生长。到次年果实速长期,历经十三个半月,新生器官NDFF的分配率和浓度仍较高。夏施氮肥损失率高达70％以上,微区内土壤残留率低,土壤中残留的NDFF可以上下移动,植株吸收利用率最高仅为8.47％(1988年处理)和14.60％(1989年处理)。The 'Yali' pcar trees growing in field microplots were treated with Summer application of ^(15)N-urea in 1988 and 1989. After the treatments, the absorption and distribution of ^(15)N and the fate of ^(15)N Were studied. The results of the two years' treatment were consistent on the whole, The ^(15)N was absorbed fast and the fertilizer wtilization efficiency reach 8.54％ at 42 days after treatment, but the upward translocation of ^(15) N was slow. During fruit rapid growing period. 35.9% of the whole tree total ^(15)N was in the thick root and only 29.8％ in the new tissues; The ^(15)N concentration of the fruit was only 0.087 mg/g.dw and lower than that of the other organ. During the fruit growing later period, the ^(15)N was still translatiug to the fruit and the ^(15)N in the long shoot didn't recycle. During dormancy period, the ^(15)N in the tree was stored mainly in the perennial branch and thick root, and the stored ^(15)N was translocated to flower、 fruit set growing next year. The ^(15)N distribution percents and ^(15)N concentrations of the new tissues were high after the utilization of 13.5 months, this result indicated that the ^(15)N had an effect of repeat utilization for a loug time. The ^(15)N retained in soil was low, more than 70％ of the fertilizer nitrogen was lost, 8.47% (treatment in 1988) and at most 14.60% (treatment in 1989) of the ferlilizer nitrogen were absorbed by trecs,

关 键 词：鸭梨 尿素 施肥 夏季 吸收 梨树 

分 类 号：S661.206.2[农业科学—果树学]