资本“直接生产过程的结果”与资本主义经济关系的本质——马克思《第六章直接生产过程的结果》手稿读解  

The Essence of “the Results of the Direct Production Process” of Capital and the Capitalist Economic Relations: The Interpretation of Marx's manuscript of The Sixth Chapter the Results of the Direct Production Process

作　　者：顾海良[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部社会科学委员会

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2017年第4期15-30,共16页Studies on Marxist Theory

摘　　要：《第六章直接生产过程的结果》是马克思1864年上半年撰写的《资本论》第一卷最后一章的手稿。《第六章直接生产过程的结果》分作三节,阐明的核心观点和基本问题是,孕育着剩余价值的商品作为资本直接生产结果所具有的资本主义经济关系的本质,资本的生产过程向资本的流通过程过渡的中介关系。马克思对资本直接生产过程结果阐释表明:不仅生产过程的物的条件表现为生产过程的结果,而且物的条件的特殊社会性质也是如此;直接生产过程是具有特殊资本主义特征的整个生产关系的再生产;特殊资本主义生产方式"分裂为两极"趋势,为扬弃资本主义生产方式、为新的社会形态创造出物质基础和现实条件。《第六章直接生产过程的结果》虽然没有收入《资本论》第一卷德文第一版,但马克思在这部手稿中,从直接生产过程结果上对资本主义经济关系作出的探索,无论是对《资本论》第一卷理论体系和科学方法、还是对马克思经济思想历史与当代的研究都有着重要的意义。The Sixth Chapter The Results of the Direct Production Process is Marx's manuscript of the last chapter of the first volume of Das Kapital which was written in the first half of 1864. This chapter is divided into three sections. The core viewpoint and the fundamental issue are the essence of capitalist economic relations possessed by the commodities which breed with surplus value and are the results of direct production of capital, and the intermediary relationship in the transition between the process of production and circulation of capital. Marx's interpretation of the results of the direct production process of capital shows that not only the condition of objects in the production process are manifested as its results, but also the same as the special social nature of the condition of objects; the direct production process is the reproduction of the whole production relations with special capitalist characteristics; In order to sublate the capitalist mode of production and create the material basis and realistic conditions for the new social formation, the special capitalist mode of production has developed into the trend of 'split into two poles'. Although this chapter wasn't collected into the first German edition of the first volume of Das Kapital, Marx had explored the capitalist economic relations from the results of the direct production process in this manuscript, which is of great significance whether to the theoretical system and scientific methods of the first volume of Das Kapital, or to the historical and contemporary studies of Marx's economic thought.

关 键 词：马克思 《资本论》第一卷 直接生产过程的结果 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]