无线信道的密钥生成方法  

Secret Key Extraction in Wireless Channel

作　　者：李古月[1] 胡爱群[1] 石乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学信息科学与工程学院,南京210096

出　　处：《密码学报》2014年第3期211-224,共14页Journal of Cryptologic Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB338003)

摘　　要：本文回顾了近二十年来物理层安全领域的发展,着重追踪了基于密钥的物理层安全机制的演变过程.无线信道密钥生成方法的核心在于合法通信双方通过公共信道和无差错的反馈信道通信共同产生一组安全密钥.而无线信道的短时互易性为基于密钥的物理层安全机制提供了实际应用的可能.根据该密钥生成方法的流程,本文首先从互易性验证、误差补偿、信道特征及去相关四个方面对信道的测量,结合真实的应用场景作了详细的分析.而在测量值量化、信息调和以及保密增强环节,分别讨论了该领域已有文献在这些环节提出的方法的理论依据并对比了基于各种不同方法的密钥的生成算法的优劣.最后,本文归纳了在第五代移动通信方式下该领域潜在的研究方向和可能面临的难题.This paper provides a review of the development in physical layer security in the recent 20 years and focuses on tracing the evolution of the secret key-based mechanism of physical layer security. The essence of this secret key generation method is to generate a group of secret keys between the sender and the receiver via communications over a public and error-free feedback channel. Meanwhile, the reciprocal nature of radio channel provides the possibility to use this key generation mechanism in this field. According to the procedure of the secret key generation method, we first analyze the channel measurements step combined with real application scene from the perspective of validation of reciprocal, measurements compensation, channel characteristics and décor-relation. Then, we discuss the theoretical foundation of this secret key-based scheme and compare its advantages and disadvantages over different channel characteristics, quantization, and information reconciliation and privacy amplification strategies. Finally, this survey concludes with observations on potential research directions and challenges with the development of the fifth generation mobile communication in this area.

关 键 词：物理层安全 多径衰落 信道测量 信息调和 保密增强 

分 类 号：TN918.4[电子电信—通信与信息系统]