锚杆(索)和U型钢支架支护失效形式与控制技术  

Control technology and failure types of anchor bolt support and U-steel frame support

作　　者：张农[1] 阚甲广[1] 杨森[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2015年第6期41-47,共7页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2013CB227904);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274193);教育部科学技术研究资助项目(113030A)

摘　　要：随矿井开采深度不断延伸,高应力、强采动导致U型钢支架与锚杆(索)支护破坏失效的问题越来越严重。通过理论分析与现场调研,将U型钢支架破坏失效划分为面内结构性受载破坏、搭接部位撕裂折损、卡缆失效破坏、拉杆和背板失效破坏、轴力错断型折损、纵向扭曲折损、综合性破坏等7类,将锚杆(索)支护失效形式划分为粘结失效型、围岩失效型、杆体破断失效型、护表构件失效型等4类。在此基础上,提出架型优选、壁后充填、薄弱点锚杆(索)强化等3项技术控制U型钢支架破坏失效,提出锚杆杆体强化、护表构件性能提升、树脂锚固剂性能改造、围岩滞后注浆等4项技术控制锚杆(索)支护破坏失效。The problem of high geo- stress and strong mining disturbance accelerated the failure of supporting bolt system and U- steel frame in coal mine roadway with the increase of mining depth. Based on theoretical analysis and field research,this paper divided U-steel frame into seven types which were in-plane structure failure,joint tearing breakage,clamp failure,tie-rod and back-plane failure,axial force inducing breakage,deviating force inducing failure,multi-mechanism inducing failure. As for supporting bolt system failure,we classified it as debonding failure,surrounding rock failure,bolt fracture,surface protecting components failure. Further,we proposed three technologies including optimization of U- steel frame specification,backfilling behind frame,structural reinforcement with bolt and cable on weakness part,to avoid the failures of U-steel frame. Meanwhile,we posed four technologies which were bolt reinforcement,performance improvement of surface protecting components,improvement of resin anchoring agent,surrounding rock delayed grouting,to avoid the failures of supporting bolt system.

关 键 词：锚杆支护 U型钢支架 失效形式 控制技术 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]