神府矿区采煤对地下水循环的影响——以窟野河中下游流域为例  

Effect of coal exploitation on groundwater circulation in the Shenfu mine area:An example from middle and lower reaches of the Kuye River basin

作　　者：冀瑞君 彭苏萍[1] 范立民[2] 赵雅楠 李成 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]陕西省地质环境监测总站,陕西西安710054 [3]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2015年第4期938-943,共6页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2013CB227901);中国工程院重点咨询资助项目(2012-XZ-3-3);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAC10B03)

摘　　要：以窟野河中下游地区为例,通过野外调查和水化学特征分析,总结了神府矿区地下水循环模式:第四系潜水和侏罗系烧变岩潜水主要受地形控制;延安组碎屑岩含水层分5个含水层段,主要受地层倾向控制,沿河道相由东向西流动。进而提出了采煤对地下水影响机制:浅部煤层开采破坏了潜水含水层之下黏土层的隔水性,含水盆地汇水面积减小,泉流量减小或干枯;同时采矿造成的人为"溯源侵蚀"袭夺了相邻水文地质单元的地下水,矿井水补给量增加,蒸发量减小;深部煤层开采进一步破坏黏土隔水层,导致潜水含水层消失,使得地表径流转换为地下径流,地下水完全依赖5-2号煤层底板径流。Authors took the middle and lower reaches of Kuye River as an example,summarized the circulation patterns of groundwater at Shenfu mine area by the field investigation and analysis of hydrochemical characteristics:Quaternary phreatic and Jurassic burned metamorphic rocks phreatic are mainly controlled by topography. The clastic rock aquifer type of Yan'an formation is divided into five sections,and is mainly controlled by dip direction,along fluvial facies and flows from east to west. Also the paper describes how the mining activities affect the groundwater:Shallow coal mining destroys the water resisting property of clay aquifuge underlying the phreatic water aquifer,which results in the reduction of water basin area and spring discharge. 'Headward erosion 'caused by mining activities captures the groundwater from its adjacent hydrogeological unit. The mine water recharge increases and the evaporation decreases.The deep coal-seam mining further damages the clay aquifuge,which leads to the disappearance of unconfined aquifer.Surface runoff transfers into groundwater and groundwater flows along the No. 5- 2coal-seam floor.

关 键 词：神府矿区 保水采煤 地下水循环 含水层沉积学 

分 类 号：P641.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]