鲻鱼甲状腺免疫组织化学与超微结构  

Immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure of the thyroid gland of the grey mullet(Mugil cephalus)

作　　者：翁幼竹[1] 戴燕玉[1] 方永强[1] 胡晓霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005

出　　处：《动物学报》2003年第2期230-237,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：福建省重中之重项目;福建省自然科学基金资助项目~~

摘　　要：用组织学、免疫组织化学和电镜技术对鲻鱼甲状腺的分布与形态结构进行研究。结果表明 ,鲻鱼甲状腺滤泡分散地分布在第 1对至第 3对鳃弓的入鳃动脉之间 ;构成同一滤泡的单层上皮细胞呈扁平形和立方形两种形态 ,反映出同一滤泡中上皮细胞生理活动的不同步 ,且发现不同发育时期的鲻鱼这两种形态细胞的比例有显著差异。用特异性甲状腺球蛋白 (TG)抗体对甲状腺滤泡的免疫染色反应显示 ,阳性物质分布在滤泡上皮细胞的胞膜及围绕滤泡腔的周边与中央胶质 ,幼年与成年鲻鱼甲状腺滤泡的免疫阳性反应部位有所不同。两种不同活动状态的细胞 ,扁平形细胞和立方形细胞 ,在核与胞质的超微结构上有显著不同。扁平形细胞的核为扁平形或椭圆形 ,核内常染色质十分丰富 ,核膜光滑 ,核周腔和核孔没有扩张 ,胞质中各种细胞器发育较差 ;立方形细胞的核膜高度凹陷 ,将核分为 2叶至 3叶 ,核周腔和核孔扩张 ,胞质中各种细胞器发育良好 ,出现长棒形和哑铃形线粒体 ,且数量明显多于扁平形细胞 ,多层粗面内质网呈板层状排列 ,还有发育好的高尔基复合体。另外 ,我们还观察到一种介于扁平形细胞和立方形细胞之间的中间型细胞 ,其胞质和核的发育明显好于扁平形细胞 ,但比立方形细胞差。Using histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microsco py, we studied the distribution and morphological structure of the thyroid folli cle grey mu llet, Mugil cephalus. The results indicate that the thyroid gland of grey mu llet is dispersedly distributed in the region of the arteria branchialis afferens of the first to the third pair of branchial arches. The monolayer follicle epithel ial cells around a follicle were squamous shaped or cuboidal shaped, indicatin g an asynchrony of cellular activity in a follicle. The scale of the two shapes of cells differed significantly among developmental stages. Immunohistological rea ctions to specific antibodies against thyroglobulin (TG) showed that immunopositive sub stances were distributed at the cytomembrane of follicle epithelial cells, aroun d the perimeter of the follicle lumen and in the center colloid. The location of immunopositive reaction in thyroid follicles differed between juvenile and adul t grey mullet. There were distinct differences in the ultrustructure of nucleus and cytoplasm between squamous shaped and cuboidal shaped epithelial cells, in di cating different secretory activities. In squamous cells, the nucleus was flat o r ellipsoid with far more euchromatin than heterochromatin, and had smooth outli nes without marked invagination of the nuclear envelope. Perinuclear space and n uclear pores were narrow and organelles in the cytoplasm were poorly developed. In cuboidal cells the nuclear membrane sank downward dividing the nucleus into t wo or three segments and the perinuclear space and nuclear pores were wider than those in squamous cells. Oganelles in the cytoplasm of cuboidal cells were well developed; long, rectangular and dumbbell shaped mitochondria could be found an d were more numerous than that in squamous cells; there were large amounts of pa rallel cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies were well devel oped. Furthermore, we also observed a kind of medium type cells intermediate be t ween squamous and cub

关 键 词：鲻鱼 甲状腺 免疫组织化学 超微结构 分布 滤泡上皮细胞 分泌活动 激素合成 

分 类 号：Q592[生物学—生物化学] Q954