棕色田鼠与沼泽田鼠犁鼻器和副嗅球的组织结构  

Histological structure of the vomeronasal organ and accessory olfactory bulb of the mandarin vole (Microtus mandarinus) and reed vole (M. fostis)

作　　者：邰发道[1] 王廷正[1] 张育辉[1] 郝琳[1] 孙儒泳[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062 [2]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《动物学报》2003年第2期248-255,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No .3 0 2 0 0 0 2 6和N0 .3 9870 119)~~

摘　　要：用组织学方法研究了棕色田鼠 (Microtusmandarinus)、沼泽田鼠 (M .fostis)副嗅球和犁鼻器的结构及其在两种鼠间的差异 ,以此探讨两种田鼠的进化机制与适应功能。两种田鼠的犁鼻器位于鼻腔前端鼻中隔基部的两侧 ,呈管状结构 ;沿着犁鼻器的长轴犁鼻管呈现不同的形态学特征 ,犁鼻管直接开口于鼻腔 ,从前向后沿着长轴旋转 ,中间管壁 (犁鼻粘膜 )变成底部 ,侧面管壁 (假覆层上皮 )变成犁鼻管顶壁 ,最终犁鼻管变小成为一个腺体的分支 ,不同部位具有不同的组织学特征。通过选取中间相似部位对两种田鼠进行比较研究 ,发现棕色田鼠犁鼻粘膜比沼泽田鼠厚 ,而其长度却短于沼泽田鼠。棕色田鼠副嗅球颗粒细胞带宽和僧帽细胞带宽均大于沼泽田鼠 ,而带长却小于沼泽田鼠。相关分析发现 ,犁鼻器和副嗅球形态有一定的对应关系 ,这可能和两个结构之间存在着神经投射有关。棕色田鼠幼体的犁鼻粘膜、神经细胞核、假覆层上皮。In order to test the hypothesis suggested by some researchers recentl y that the relatively size of several portions of vomeronasal system may be rela ted to the social behaviors in different species, we studied the anatomical orga nization of the vomeronasal complex of the mandarin vole ( Microtus mandarinus ) and reed vol e ( M. fostis ) (vomeronasal organ, blood vessels, cartilage and glands) and t he s tructure of the accessory olfactory bulb of two species. The vomeronasal organ and accessory olfactory bulb were prepare d histologically and measured by micrometer. Neurons were quantified using an oc ular grid. The vomeronansal organ is a tubular formation that shows different ch aracteristics along its longitudinal axis. The vomeronasal tube opens into the n asal cavity directly. In its rostral portion, it had a lateral flattened shape, but caudally the organ exhibited a typical crescent shape and a greater size. Th e organ is rotated along its longitudinal axis. The medial wall becoming inferio r, the lateral one becoming superior. In its most caudal portion the organ decre ased in size and ends in glandular branches. There were different histological c haracteristics in different segment of vomeronasal organ. In order to compare vo meronasal epithelium of two species, similar middle segment of two species were observed. The vomeronasal epitheliums of mandarin voles were thicker and shorter than that of reed voles. The granule cells zones and mitral cell zones of acces sory olfactory bulb in mandarin voles were wider and shorter than that of reed v oles. It is found that the shapes of vomeronasal epithelium correspond to that of accessory olfactory b ulb through correlative analysis. This may be because of nerve projection betwee n them. The width of granule cells zones and mitral cells zones of accessory olf actory bulb, blood vessels spaces and length of pseudostratified epithelium in j uvenile mandarin voles were smaller than that of the adults. Our results may sug gest that multiple factors such as

关 键 词：棕色田鼠 沼泽田鼠 犁鼻器 副嗅球 组织结构 进化机制 适应功能 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]