从12S rRNA基因序列推测鹭科13种鸟类的系统发生关系  

Phylogenetic relationships among 13 species of herons inferred from mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequences

作　　者：常青[1] 张保卫[1] 金宏[1] 朱立峰[1] 周开亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学遗传资源研究所,南京210097

出　　处：《动物学报》2003年第2期205-210,共6页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：中国人民解放军空军机场鸟机撞击防治研究项目;教育部"2 11工程"重点建设项目资助~~

摘　　要：对鹭科 12个种的线粒体 12SrRNA基因全长约 975bp的序列进行了测定 ,并从GenBank获得黄顶夜鹭12SrRNA基因全序列。比对后的序列长 993bp ,含 36 3变异位点 ,2 88个多态位点 ,187个简约信息位点。使用邻接法和最大简约法重建的分子系统树将 13种鹭聚为 2支 :第一支包括白鹭、中白鹭、大白鹭、池鹭、牛背鹭、苍鹭、草鹭、夜鹭、黄顶夜鹭 ,第二支由黄苇、黑苇、栗苇、大麻组成。结果提示将鹭科分为鹭亚科和亚科的传统观点是合理的 ,不支持Payne将鹭科分为日鹭亚科 (Ardeinae)、夜鹭亚科 (Nycticracinae)、亚科 (Botaurinae)和虎鹭亚科 (Tigrisomatinae)的观点。进一步的分析表明 :白鹭在系统演化中要早于大白鹭和中白鹭分支出来 ,大白鹭和中白鹭与苍鹭、草鹭和牛背鹭间的亲缘关系较近 ,而与白鹭较远 ,支持Sibley(1990 )将大白鹭和中白鹭作为独立的大白鹭属 (Casmerodius)和中白鹭属 (Mesophoyx)的建议 :黑、栗苇与黄苇在系统发生中构成一单系群 ,提示将黑置于苇属 (Ixobrychus)The phylogenetic relationships among 13 species of Ardeidae were asse ssed by mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequences. The alignment of the 12S rRNA g ene totaled 993 nucleotide positions without gaps, including 363 variable sites, 288 polymorphic sites and 187 parsimony informative sites. We reconstructed ph y logenetic trees using MEGA and PAUP software, using the neighbor joining and ma x imum parsimony method respectively. The 13 species of herons were grouped into t wo clades. The first clade contains 9 species, i.e. grey heron, purple hero n, Ch inese pond heron, cattle egret, great egret, little egret, intermediate egret, b lack crowned night heron and yellow crowned night heron. The second clade co ntai ns 4 species, i.e. Eurasian bittern, Chinese little bittern, cinnamon bitte rn an d black bittern. This supports the classification of the Ardeidae into two subfa milies, Ardeinae and Botaurinae, but does not support their classification into Ardeinae, Nycticracinae, Botaurinae and Tigrisomatinae. The little egret branche d off prior to the divergence of great egret and intermediate egret. The great e gret and intermediate egret are closer genetically to the grey heron, purple her on and cattle egret than to the little egret. The results support Siblys (19 90) classification of the large egret and intermeidate egret in separate gener a Casmerodius and Mesophoyx respectively. The black bittern has a closer relatio nship to the cinnamon bittern and Chinese little bittern, these three species fo rming a monophyletic group. This supports the placement of the black bittern in the genus Ixobrychus .

关 键 词：鹭科 鸟类 12S-rRNA基因序列 系统发生关系 分子系统树 

分 类 号：Q951[生物学—动物学]