异源四倍体鲫鲤F_9～F_(11)染色体和性腺观察  

The Chromosome Number and Gonadal Structure of F_9～F_ (11)Allotetraploid Crucian-carp

作　　者：孙远东[1] 刘少军[1] 张纯[1] 李建中[1] 黄卫人[1] 张剑[1] 罗凯坤[1] 周工健[1] 刘筠[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院蛋白质化学与发育生物学教育部重点实验室,长沙410081

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2003年第5期414-418,共5页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (No.30 170 733) ;国家"973"项目 (No .2 0 0 1CB10 90 0 6 );教育部跨世纪优秀人才基金 (No.2 0 0 2 48)资助~~

摘　　要：采用肾细胞染色体制片技术 ,检测了异源四倍体鲫鲤F9～F1 1 代的染色体数目及组型 ,结果表明 :其染色体数目为 4n =2 0 0 ,核型公式为 44m +6 8sm +44st+44t,证明F9～F1 1 继续保持四倍体性。观察异源四倍体鲫鲤F9～F1 1 成熟性腺 ,在这 3代四倍体鱼中仍然保持正常卵巢和精巢 ,分别形成正常二倍体卵子和二倍体精子。在自然环境下 ,观察了异源四倍体鲫鲤自行产卵受精并产生存活后代过程 ,证明该四倍体鱼群体在自然环境下能够自行繁殖传代。异源四倍体鲫鲤稳定的染色体数目和正常的性腺结构以及自然条件下的生殖传代行为 ,说明该异源四倍体鲫鲤已成为一个染色体数目为 4n =2 0 0、遗传性状稳定的新型四倍体鱼群体 ,具备形成新种所需的关键因素。In this paper,the chromosome number of F 9～F 11 hybridis of Red crucian(Carassius auratus) ×common carp(Cryprinus carpio) was examined by means of kidney cell-PHA culture.The results showed that F 9～F 11 allotetraploids possessed 200 chromosomes,with the karyotype formula 44 m+68 sm+44 st+44 t,which were the same as the data indicated in F 3～F 8 allotetraploids.Both female and male of F 9～F 11 allotetraploids had the normal ovaries and testes that were able to produce the normal dipoid ova and sperm.In nature conditions,without the injection of the extraneous hormone,the females and males of F 9～F 11 allotetraploids mated each other to produce new generation of tetraploids.With the stable genetic tetraploidy and the fertility in the nature environments,this allotetraploid population presented the key factors to form a new species with 200 chromosomes.

关 键 词：异源四倍体鱼 染色体 性腺 自然产卵 种群 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]