Capacities of Clay Fraction of a Latosol to Retain Cations and Anions as Inferred from the Wien Effect in Soil Suspensions  

作　　者：LICHENGBAO S.P.FRIEDMAN ZHAOANZHEN 

机构地区：[1]InstituteofSoilScience,theChineseAcademyofSciences,P.O.Box821,Nanjing210008(China) [2]InstituteofSoil,WaterandEnvironmentalSciences,AgriculturalResearchOrganization,TheVolcaniCenter,BetDagan50250(Israel)

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2003年第2期165-172,共8页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 49771046 and 49831005) ;the Center for International Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, State of Israel.

摘　　要：Suspensions of a latosol with a clay concentration of 30 g kg^(-1) wereprepared from electrodialyzed clay fractions, less than 2 μm in diameter, five nitrate solutionswith a concentration of 1 X 10^(04)/z mol L^(-1), where z is the valence, and five sodium saltsolutions with a concentration of 3.3 X 10^(-5)/2 mol L^(-1). The direct current (DC) electricalconductivities (ECs) of the colloidal suspensions were measured at a constant temperature of 25 ℃,using a newly established method of measuring the Wien effect in soil suspensions at field strengthsranging from 13.5 to 150 kV cm^(-1), to determine their electrical conductivity-field strengthrelationships and to infer the order of the bonding strength (retaining force) between soilparticles and various ions. The measurements with the latosol suspensions in NaNO_3, KNO_3,Ca(NO_3)_2, Mg(NO_3)_2 and Zn(NO_3)_2 solutions resulted in increments of the suspension ECs, ΔECs,of 7.9, 5.0, 7.1, 7.0 and 5.8 μS cm^(-1), respectively, when the applied field strength increasedfrom 14.5 to 142 kV cm^(-1). As for the suspensions in NaNO_3, NaCl, Na_2SO_4, Na_3PO_4 andNa_3AsO_4 solutions, the ΔECs were 6.2, 5.3, 4.1, 4.0 and 3.7μS cm^(-1), respectively, when theapplied field strength increased from 13.5 to 90 kV cm^(-1). Thus, it can be deduced that theretaining forces of the clay fraction of the latosol for the cations were in the descending orderK^+ > Zn^(2+) > Mg^(2+) ≥ Ca^(2+) > Na^+, and for the anions in the descending order H_2AsO_4^- >H_2PO_4^-≥ SO_4^(2-) > Cl^- > NO_3~ -.Suspensions of a latosol with a clay concentration of 30 g kg-1 were prepared from electrodialyzed clay fractions, less than 2 μm in diameter, five nitrate solutions with a concentration of 1 × 10-4/z mol L-1,where z is the valence, and five sodium salt solutions with a concentration of 3.3 × 10-5/z mol L-1. The direct current (DC) electrical conductivities (ECs) of the colloidal suspensions were measured at a constant temperature of 25 ℃, using a newly established method of measuring the Wien effect in soil suspensions at field strengths ranging from 13.5 to 150 kV cm-1, to determine their electrical conductivity-field strength relationships and to infer the order of the bonding strength (retaining force) between soil particles and various ions. The measurements with the latosol suspensions in NaNO3, KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2 solutions resulted in increments of the suspension ECs, △ECs, of 7.9, 5.0, 7.1, 7.0 and 5.8μS cm-1,respectively, when the applied field strength increased from 14.5 to 142 kV cm-1. As for the suspensions in NaNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Na3PO4 and Na3AsO4 solutions, the △ECs were 6.2, 5.3, 4.1, 4.0 and 3.7μS cm-1,respectively, when the applied field strength increased from 13.5 to 90 kV cm-1. Thus, it can be deduced that the retaining forces of the clay fraction of the latosol for the cations were in the descending order K+ ＞Zn2+ ＞ Mg2+ ≥ Ca2+ ＞ Na+, and for the anions in the descending order H2AsO-4 ＞ H2PO-4 ≥ SO42- ＞ Gl- ＞ NO-3.

关 键 词：bonding strength capacity of retaining ions electrical conductivity LATOSOL wien effect in suspensions 

分 类 号：S153.2[农业科学—土壤学]