儿童行为问题与学校环境关系的初探  

Elementary sutdy on relationship between child behavior problems and school environment

作　　者：张欣[1] 席薇[1] 苗汝娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生学教研室,天津300070

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2003年第5期629-630,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的　了解学校的环境条件是否对儿童行为问题的发生有影响。方法　对不同类小学的 5 75名小学生使用Rutter儿童行为量表父母问卷进行儿童行为问题的调查 ,同时对他们的教室建筑条件进行卫生学调查、评价。结果　 5 75名小学生中有行为问题者为 8 3%,男生 12 8%多于女生 3 8%( χ2 =15 0 72 ,P <0 0 1) ,重点学校 10 7%多于一般校 4 0 %( χ2 =7 70 5 ,P <0 0 1)。在教室中所占面积少 ( <1 10m2 /人 )的小学生 ( 10 3 %)的行为问题多于占面积大的 ( 5 3%) ,小学生所坐桌椅形式中坐连桌连椅的行为问题最多 10 1%( 42 / 416 )。结论　学校及其环境条件可能会影响小学生的心理健康。Objective To know the effects of shcool environmental conditions on happening of child behavior problems.Methods Five hundred and seventy-five pupils in different primary school were investigated by Rutter Child Behavior Scale(parents questionnaire),at the same time their classdroom's conditions were investigated and appraised.Results 8.3% of 575 pupils had behavior problems,the boys with 12.8% was more than the girls(3.8%,χ2=15.072,P<0.01).The key schools(10.7%) was more than the ones in the other schools(4.0%,χ2=7.705,P<0.01).In the survey of their classroom's conditions,the pupils who hold areas (less than 1.10?m2 of every person) had a high prevalence rate(10.3%);two pupils sitting the same desk and same chair had a high prevalence rate(10.1%),compared with other pupils having their own desks and chairs.The difference had statistical significance(χ2=6.846,P<0.05).Conclusion Schools and their conditions might influence pupils' mental health.

关 键 词：行为问题 学校环境 小学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]