沙尘气溶胶对直接太阳辐射的衰减研究  

Study on Attenuation of Direct Solar Flux by Sand-Dust Aerosol in Tengger Desert

作　　者：辛金元[1] 张文煜[1] 袁九毅[2] 刘立超[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学系,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学环境质量评价中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2003年第3期311-315,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：按照国家自然科学基金资助项目(40005002);97 3项目(G2 0 0 0 0 4870 3 )

摘　　要：基于在腾格里沙漠东南端进行的太阳辐射与气象要素观测,探讨晴空无云时沙尘气溶胶对直接太阳辐射的衰减;并利用太阳辐射观测资料,给出沙漠边缘垂直上空的大气混浊度的变化。根据4月份至9月份的观测资料,只选取天空无云(可测的太阳辐射)的气象条件,研究沙尘气溶胶造成的直接太阳辐射的衰减。结果表明,在晴好天气约为47.0%～2.6%,平均衰减约为16.9%;在沙尘天气约为90%～10%,平均衰减约为38%;沙尘天气气溶胶对太阳辐射衰减变化较大。大气混浊度(atmosphericturbidity:τa)在晴好天气下约为0.048～0.631,平均约为0.260;沙尘天气约为0.177～2.475,平均约为0.741。An operation to measure the surface solar radiant flux and meteorological elements was done from April to September 2001 at the southeast of Tengger Desert. The main purpose was to study the effect of aerosols on attenuation of solar flux and to retrieve the atmospheric turbidity based on the surface solar flux dataset.\;It was noted that under clear weather, aerosols tend to attenuate the direct solar flux by 47.0%～2.6%, the average was about 16.9%; under dusty weather, aerosols tend to attenuate the direct solar flux by 90%～10%, the average was about 38%. As to the retrieved mean turbidity for broadband (300～\{4 000\} nm) flux, i.e. the optical depth of dust aerosols, it was 0.048～0.631 in clear weather, the average was about 0.260; it was 0.177～2.475 in dusty weather, the average was about 0.741.

关 键 词：腾格里沙漠 沙尘气溶胶 太阳辐射 大气混浊度 直接太阳辐射 气象条件 

分 类 号：P422.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]