瘦素在哺乳动物体重调节、繁殖和免疫中的作用  

The Role of Leptin in the Regulation of Body Weight,Reproduction and Immunity in Mammals

作　　者：李兴升[1] 王德华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所农业虫鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《兽类学报》2003年第2期168-174,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (30 170 15 1);中国科学院创新工程资助项目 (KSCX2 SW 10 3);领域前沿项目 (KSCX3 IOZ 0 6);中国科学院生物科学与生物技术研究特别支持费资助项目 (STZ 0 1 0 6)

摘　　要：瘦素 (Leptin)主要是由白色脂肪细胞分泌的、肥胖基因编码的、分子量为 16KD的蛋白类激素。其N端具有信号肽序列 ,引导蛋白质进入分泌途径 ,信号肽被切除后成为有生物学功能的成熟蛋白质。瘦素在动物的体重调节、发育与生殖、免疫和糖代谢等方面有重要作用。瘦素已经不仅仅是脂肪细胞分泌的蛋白类激素 ,而是一个在许多方面发挥作用的神经内分泌调节因子。本文综述了瘦素在哺乳动物体重调节、繁殖和免疫中的作用及其调控机制 ,主要包括 :动物血清瘦素浓度的季节性变化 ;光周期、温度和食物等环境因子对瘦素浓度的影响 ;瘦素与解偶联蛋白 (Uncouplingproteins ,UCPs)在能量代谢和产热中的互作 ;瘦素与下丘脑神经肽Y (Hy pothalamusneuropeptideY ,NPY)在体重调节和产热作用中的拮抗 ;Leptin is mainly an adipocyte-secreted, obese gene encoded hormone with 16 KD molecular weight. It is a 167 amino acid protein whose amino terminal signal sequence is cleaved during secretion. It circulates as a 146 amino acid peptide in mouse and human plasma. Leptin has a broader role in the regulation of body weight, sexual maturation and reproduction, immunity and glucose metabolism. Much evidence showed that leptin is not only an adipocyte-secreted hormone, but also a neuroendocrine regulator. In this paper, we reviewed the roles of leptin in the regulation of body weight, reproduction and immunity. It includes the following aspects: seasonal change of leptin levels in serum; the effect of environmental factors such as photoperiod, temperature, and food composition on serum leptin levels;the interactions between leptin and uncoupling proteins, hypothalamus neuropeptide Y, insulin, and thyroid in the regulation of body weight and thermogenesis; and the roles of leptin in reproduction and immunity.

关 键 词：瘦素 能量平衡 体重 生殖 免疫 哺乳动物 蛋白类激素 

分 类 号：Q959.8[生物学—动物学] Q57