闽南养殖九孔鲍暴发性流行病的病原研究  

Virosis of Cultured Haliotis divesicolor in Southern Fujian

作　　者：张朝霞[1] 王军[1] 苏永全[1] 周化民[1] 鄢庆枇[1] 吕嘉扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与环境学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第3期363-368,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

摘　　要：从1999年春季东山县九孔鲍暴发流行病的病鲍内脏提取病原粗提液,经电镜观察和回归感染实验,证实其病原主要是病毒合并细菌感染,细菌为两种弧菌,病毒为球形,其发生基质为细胞质中一种双层膜的泡状结构,观察到病原入侵后引起鲍的组织细胞产生严重的病理变化,探讨病原的入侵途径,提出预防该流行病的一些措施.A severe epidemic of cultured Haliotis divesicolor was broken out in Dongshan, Fujian province in the spring of 1999. On diseased abalones,mucus were increased, livers were enlarged and their activities were　descended. Observed by the transmit electron microscope(TEM), there were two kinds of pathogens, bacteria and virus. The later was spherical type, diameters of which were 135～150nm and 95～110nm. They existed in the cell of abalones by this means that several virus were enclosed in a twolayers membranes' vesicle. Cells in liver and intestines of the ill abalones turned up pathologic changes. The nucleus was deformed and its membrane was damaged accompanying with those mitochondria expanding. The pathogenic suspension, extracted from the cell of diseased abalones, were used to do artificial infection experiments with the healthy abalones and confirmed to be toxic, because the healthy abalones were ill and dead within 5 days. They appeared the same symptoms as the cultured diseased ones. It showed that virus were more important to this epidemic of H. divesicolor supertexta than bacteria.So far, there were no effective measures to cure virosis of abalones. Scientific management, segregation of pathogens and adding some nutrition or immune materials, such as Vitamin C and LPS, could prevent the abalones from diseases.

关 键 词：九孔鲍 暴发性流行病 病原 病毒感染 细菌感染 入侵途径 预防措施 福建 

分 类 号：S944.45[农业科学—水产养殖]