荷马为什么歌唱“阿喀琉斯的愤怒”?——《伊利亚特》的主题与古希腊民主政治的兴起  

Why Does Homer Laud"Achilles'Anger"?The Theme of Iliad and the rise of Democracy in Ancient Greece

作　　者：尹振球[1] 

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院中文系,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《文史哲》2003年第3期81-86,共6页Literature,History,and Philosophy

摘　　要：荷马为什么要把“阿喀琉斯的愤怒”作为《伊利亚特》的主题 ?阿喀琉斯与阿伽门农之间的冲突实际上是民主政治与专制王权之间两种政治的冲突。史诗所反映的迈锡尼时代 ,发达的工商业文明孕育了阿喀琉斯反抗阿伽门农专制王权的政治力量。而阿喀琉斯的反抗引发平民和贵族的觉醒 ,动摇了专制统治的基础 ,这就开启了希腊历史的一个伟大时代 :城邦民主制时代。正是因为对阿喀琉斯民主精神的歌唱 ,使荷马成为希腊民族的伟大导师 ,受到后世的称颂和感激。《伊利亚特》的主题与古希腊民主政治的兴起紧密相连。Why does Homer take'Achilles'Anger'as the theme of Iliad? The conflicts between Achilles and Agamemnon are actually the clashes between the two politics of democracy and autocracy What the epic tells us is that in the Mycenae times,the prosperous civilization of industry and commerce cultivates the political power of Achilles against the autocracy of Agamemnon The revolt of Achilles promotes the awakening of the populace and aristocrats,shakes the base of autocracy and ushers in a great historical era of Greece the era of the city state democracy It is precisely due to the eulogy of the democratic spirit of Achilles that Homer becomes a great mentor of the Greece,and has been praised by later generations The theme of Iliad is inseparable from the rise of democracy in ancient Greece

关 键 词：阿喀琉斯的愤怒 工商业文明 城邦民主制 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]