上海市百岁老人的谱系及其分析  

Centenarians' Pedigrees in Shanghai City and Analysis

作　　者：袁朝辉[1] 周道义[1] 谢伟军[1] 王培丽[1] 朱毅[1] 杨慧兴 纪炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生物学系

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》1992年第2期98-103,共6页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：本文调查了上海市百岁老人的性别、职业和谱系,并绘制了57个完整的寿命谱系图,其中男性10名(占总数的17.5%),女性47名(占82.5%).男性中脑力劳动者4名(占男性总数的40%),体力劳动者6名(占60%);女性中脑力劳动者1人(占女性总数的2.1%),体力劳动者3人(占6.4%),操持家务者43人(占91.5%).有长寿家族史者40人(占寿命家族史清楚者的70.2%),无长寿家族史者17人(占29.8%).百岁老人配偶寿长≥70岁者,其已故子女的平均寿命高于配偶<70岁的.作者认为长寿是遗传的,并着重从遗传和环境两方面分析了女寿星数明显多于男寿星数的原因.This article gives a survey of Shanghai centenarians in 1990.There are 11, 857, 478 people in Shanghai City.Among them, 72 are centenarians, the ratio is 0.615/100 thousand, Among 72 centenarians, 61 ware females and 11 ware males, the sex ratio is 0.16.The average age is 101.6, and the oldest is 107.Centenarians whose father and/or mother died at the age of more than 70 total 41, less than 70 total 17.It indicates that the age is determined by the genetic factors.72 centenarians have 314 sons and daughters totally.Among them 242 died naturally, and it approximates to a normal distribution.Because the age is a character but between the highest and the lowest ages, there are a series of intermediate types.They have a quantitative difference, but not a qualitative limit.The character is called a quantitative character.Judging from this, authors present a new idea, i.e.the age is controlled by multigene and effected by the environment conditions (family economy, relation between family members and types of temperament and so on).Each pair of alleles are made up of a recessive gene and a complete dominant gene, but only the dominant genes are effective for the longevity, The effect of each dominant gene is small but equal each other, and when they act together their effects are added.So in general, whenthe temperament of a person is gentle, and the environments of his work and life are fine, the more his dominant genes, the longer his age is.

关 键 词：百岁老人 寿命 谱系 老年人 

分 类 号：Q987[生物学—遗传学]