基层噪声作业点监测存在的问题及建议  

The Question and Suggestions of Monitoring Points of Noise Operations on the Grass-roots Units

作　　者：李华[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州铁路局兰州疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《铁道劳动安全卫生与环保》2003年第2期69-71,共3页Railway Occupational Safety Health & Environmental Protection

摘　　要：近年来 ,物理因素引起的职业病在职业病总数中占较大比例 ,特别是噪声引起的听力下降和职业性耳聋日益突出。 1996～ 2 0 0 0年全局噪声作业人员听力损失检出率平均为 2 4 31% ,占各类职业病检出率第 1位。但目前铁路基层噪声作业点监测工作 ,普遍存在着技术力量薄弱、缺乏质量控制、数据加工深度不够、评价方法单一等诸多问题 ,与当前职业卫生领域探讨职业危害与个人剂量 -反应关系的研究趋势及整个监测工作科学化、规范化、法制化的要求极不协调 。In recent years,the occupational diseases caused by the physical factors account for a large proportion of total occupational disease with the disease in listening ability and occupational deaf caused by noises in particular.The detected rate of damage caused to listening ability of the operators working under the noise conditions in the whole Bureau in the years of 1966～2000 was 24 31% on an average,occupying the first place of the occupational diseases of various kinds.At present,there widely exist such problems as weak technical efforts,lack of quality control,rough data processing and mono evaluation method in the noise monitoring operation points at the railway grass root units.This is not in coordination with the requirements of probing into the research trend towards occupational damage with personal dosage reaction to satisfy noise damages as well as the control work in the field of occupational health.

关 键 词：噪声作业点 监测 稳态噪声 脉冲噪声 物理因素 职业病 职业性耳聋 听力下降 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]