夏玉米污水灌溉时水分与氮素利用效率的研究  

Water and nitrogen use efficiency for summer corn under condition of irrigation with sewage effluent

作　　者：查贵锋[1] 黄冠华[1] 冯绍元[1] 齐志明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2003年第3期63-67,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国-以色列农业合作研究基金项目 (SIARF- 0 5) ;国家重点发展规划研究项目 (G1 9990 4 570 6) ;国家自然科学基金项目资助 (50 2 790 52 )

摘　　要：用田间实验研究污水灌溉条件下夏玉米水分与氮素的利用效率。试验设置了高、中、低 3个不同灌水水平下的 9个对比处理 ,结果表明 :灌水量、灌溉水质、施肥量对夏玉米叶面积指数、株高和产量的影响很小 ;不同灌溉水量条件下 ,污水灌溉夏玉米的耗水规律与清水灌溉的耗水规律十分接近 ,且累积耗水量随灌溉水量的增大而增加 ;水分利用效率与灌溉水质和施肥无关 ,仅随灌溉水量的增加而减少。清水灌溉处理玉米的吸氮量高于污水灌溉处理玉米的吸氮量 ;氮的利用效率与灌水量和施肥无关 ,仅与灌溉水质有关 ,且污水灌溉氮的利用效率高于清水灌溉氮的利用效率。One of the most important advantages of irrigation with sewage effluent is that it can provide the abundant nutrients for crop growth. For investigating the water and nitrogen use efficiency when irrigation with sewage effluent, an experiment was conducted in field with silt loamy soil and the summer corn (TUNYU 1) was used as test crop. Three irrigation levels with large irrigation rate of 108 mm, moderate irrigation rate of 83 mm and small irrigation rate of 58.3 mm respectively were set, during the summer corn growing season 4 irrigations were applied. Two fertilizer levels with 1500 kg urea/hm 2 for high level and 500 kg urea/hm 2 for low level were used respectively. Only irrigation with sewage effluent treatments contained both fertilizer levels. All the treatments totally are 9. Results indicate that the influence of irrigation rate, fertilizer level and irrigation water on crop height, leaf area index and yield is small. The cumulative evapotrsanspiration increases with the increasing of irrigation rate, but on the other hand the water use efficiency(WUE) decreases with the increasing of irrigation, and WUE is independent of fertilizer level and irrigation water quality. Nitrogen uptake by summer corn of irrigation with well water is higher than that of irrigation with sewage effluent, but the nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) of irrigation with sewage effluent is higher than that of irrigation with well water, and NUE is independent of the fertilizer level and irrigation rate.

关 键 词：污水灌溉 需水规律 水分利用效率 氮利用效率 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程] S513[农业科学—农业工程]