分段式大蒜收获机的设计与试验  

Design of the Sectional Type Garlic Harvester

作　　者：王利远 李天华[1,2] 牛子孺 吴彦强 韩可[1,2] 杨青 姜广民 侯加林 Wang Liyuan;Li Tianhua;Niu Ziru;Wu Yanqiang;Han Ke;Yang Qing;Jiang Guangmin;Hou Jialin(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment,Tai’an 271018,China;Linyi Fenglin Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd,Linyi 277700,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]临沂凤林农机制造有限公司,山东临沂277700

出　　处：《农机化研究》2020年第1期86-90,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2017YF001-06);国家现代农业产业技术体系特色蔬菜创新团队项目(CARS-24-D-01);山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-11)

摘　　要：针对目前国内大蒜收获强度大、收获效率低及收获成本高等问题,设计了分段式大蒜收获机。该机主要由挖掘装置、限深装置及夹持装置、打捆装置等组成,采用手扶拖拉机作为动力源和安装平台,夹持装置采用链条设计,打捆装置可实现收获后大蒜的打捆作业。该机可一次完成三行大蒜的挖掘、夹持输送、打捆等收获作业,省时省力,高效低耗。应用CAD、SolidWorks等软件进行图样的设计和三维模型的建立,并对挖掘装置、夹持装置等关键装置进行重点设计。在山东兰陵县神山镇进行了大蒜种植田间试验,结果表明:该机器生产率0.1 hm^2/h,漏蒜率为1.9%,伤蒜率为0.58%,损失率为1.9%,挖掘深度为8cm。研究结果可为大蒜收获机械的研究提供参考。The edible and medicinal value of garlic has been developed and popularized,and its economic benefits have increased.Farmers are fond of it.Garlic has become one of the most important cash crops in China.In view of the problems of high harvest intensity,short harvest time and high harvest cost,a segmented garlic harvester is designed.The walking tractor is used as the power source and installation platform.The clamping device adopts chains,and the binding device can realize the binding operation of garlic.The machine can harvest three rows of garlic,such as digging,clamping,conveying and bundling at one time,saving time and effort,high efficiency and low consumption.The design is mainly composed of excavator,depth limiting device,clamping device,and baling device.The design of drawings and the establishment of 3 D model are made by using CAD,Solidworks and other software.The key design of the excavator and clamping device is made.The field experiment of garlic planting in Jinxiang,Shandong showed that the productivity of the machine was 0.1 hm^2/h,the rate of garlic leakage was 1.9%,the rate of garlic injury was 0.58%,the loss rate was 1.9%,and the depth of mining was 8 cm.The research results can provide reference for the research and development of garlic harvesting machinery.

关 键 词：大蒜收获机 分段式 挖掘装置 链条夹持 正交试验 

分 类 号：S225[农业科学—农业机械化工程]