不同节水灌溉技术的节水机理试验研究  

Experimental Research on Water-Saving Mechanisms of Different Water-Saving Irrigation Techniques

作　　者：杨具瑞[1] 方铎[1] 成自勇[2] 贾晔 符晓红[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学高速水力学国家重点实验室 [2]甘肃农业大学水利系 [3]甘肃省定西县水利局

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2003年第6期66-68,共3页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金 (ZS991 -A2 1 - 0 31 -N)

摘　　要：根据甘肃省特殊自然地理条件 ,对于喷灌、滴灌、渗灌及波涌灌几种方式下 ,小麦和玉米两种作物的灌溉节水机理进行了对比试验研究 ,分析了不同节水灌溉方式下这两种作物的节水性和生育动态。试验结果表明 ,在降雨、灌溉水量和前期土壤特性一定的情况下 ,在喷灌、滴灌、渗灌及波涌灌几种节水灌溉技术中 ,渗灌的节水性最好 ,依次为滴灌、喷灌、波涌灌。小麦和玉米在渗灌条件下产量比滴灌、喷灌和波涌灌都高 ,小麦渗灌产量比滴灌增加 7.6% ,比喷灌增加13.1% ,比波涌灌增加 2 2 .4%。玉米渗灌产量比滴灌增加 1.3% ,比喷灌增加 6.3%。According to the special nature and geography of Gansu Province, comparison study for wheat and corn of different irrigation techniques including sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation and surge irrigation is conducted, and the water_saving properties and growth developments of the two crops under different irrigation techniques are analyzed. The results of the experiment show that for definite conditions of rainfall, irrigation water amount and pre_status of soil moisture, among the four kinds of irrigation techniques, the water_saving property of infiltration irrigation is the best, followed by drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and surge irrigation in turn; and the yields of wheat and corn under infiltration irrigation are higher than those of the other three kinds of irrigation techniques. The yield of wheat under infiltration irrigation is 7.6%, 13.1%, and 22.4% higher than that of drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and surge irrigation, respectively; and the yield of corn under infiltration irrigation is about 1.3% and 6.3% higher than that of drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, respectively.

关 键 词：甘肃 节水灌溉 小麦 玉米 土壤水分 喷灌 滴灌 渗灌 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]