不同退化程度高寒草甸矮嵩草分株结构数量的研究  

Composition and quantitative relationship of ramet of clonal Kobresia humilis under different degenerative gradation in Alpine Meadow

作　　者：李希来[1] 张静[1] 马国祥[1] 马桂花[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院草业科学系,青海西宁810003

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2003年第6期16-18,共3页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (39960 0 53);<高等学校骨干教师资助计划>项目

摘　　要：对不同退化程度下矮嵩草分株结构及数量关系进行了初步研究。结果表明不同退化程度下矮嵩草均以营养繁殖为主扩大无性系繁殖后代 ,单株无性系和无性系分株的分蘖芽占无性系分蘖总数的比例最大 ,分别为 41 97%～ 56 44%和 36 35 %～ 49 2 0 %。矮嵩草无性系分株构件结构可以概括为二级芽分蘖 (1年 )、一级芽分蘖 (1～ 2年 )、复合主分蘖 (2～ 3年 )、单分蘖 (2～ 3年 )、生殖分蘖 (3～ 4年 )和种子 6个组成部分。随放牧强度的增加 ,矮嵩草无性系分株各构件除生殖分蘖外均以中度退化程度为高。矮嵩草无性系分株的分蘖数、叶片数以及生物量都比单株无性系分株的为多。矮嵩草无性系分株生物量表现为根茎 >叶 >根 >生殖 ,地上生物量是地下生物量的 41 85 %～ 47 37%。The composition and quantitative relationship of ramet of clonal Kobresia humilis under different degenerative gradation in Alpine Meadow were studied.The results showed that the clonal reproductive ability of Kobresia humilis was much stronger than seed reproductive ability.The rates of the tiller buds were 41 97%～56 44% and 36 35%～49 20% respectively,which were maximal among all individual tillers of single remet and clonal ramet of K humilis. The ramet composition of clonal Kobresia humilis included six parts,which are the secondary bud tillers,first degree bud tillers,multiple main tillers,single tillers,reproductive stalk tillers and seeds.The numbers of tillers,leaves and biomass of clonal ramet of K humilis in medial degenerative gradation were highest among three degenerative gradation except reproductive stalk tillers. The numbers of tiller,leaves and their biomass of the clonal ramet of K humilis were more than those of single ramat.The sequence of ramet biomass of clonal K humilis was rhizomes>leaves>roots>reproductive stalk and the aboveground biomass was less than the underground biomass,their rate was 41 85% to 47 37%.

关 键 词：退化程度 高寒草甸 矮嵩草 分株结构 数量 营养繁殖 无性系 “黑土滩” 成因 

分 类 号：Q948.158[生物学—植物学] S158.1[农业科学—土壤学]