高吸水性树脂在赤红壤及砖红壤上的保水保肥效果研究  

Study on Effect of High Water Absorbent Resin on Fertilizer and Water Conservation in Latosol Red Soil and Latosol

作　　者：杜建军[1] 廖宗文[2] 冯新[2] 孔维栋[2] 蔡王贵 黄立峥 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业技术学院植物营养与肥料研究室,广东广州510225 [2]华南农业大学新肥料资源研究室,广东广州510642 [3]广东省国营幸福农场,广东雷州524261

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2003年第2期137-140,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2001AA246023);广东省重点科技攻关项目(A20405);农业部"九五"旱作农业示范基地建设项目(农计发[1999]24号;农计发[2000]12号)

摘　　要：在旱地赤红壤和砖红壤上分别以小白菜和辣椒为供试作物,进行盆栽试验和大田试验,以研究高吸水性树脂及其肥料制品对土壤水肥的保持作用。结果表明:PAA能显著降低氮素淋失量,将更多的肥料养分保留在土壤中,同时又能减少土壤水分的无效消耗,从而提高水肥的利用率,最终提高作物产量。在PAA各种处理中,以0.02%、pH6.5的PAA稀凝胶与自来水交替灌溉对水肥保持效果最好,试验条件下,可使N素淋失量减少72.0%,水分利用率提高14.65%,作物产量增加33.20%。以高吸水性树脂和单质肥料为原料的掺混型节水专用肥与等养分的复合肥比较,辣椒果长、肩径宽、果肉厚、单果重明显增加,产量增加5.16%;节水449m3/hm2,相当于45mm降水,节水率27.7%。The pot and field experiments were carried out, using cabbage and capsium as tested crops respectively, to study the effect of high water absorbent resin(HWAR) and its fertilizer products on fertilizer and water conservation in latosol red soil and latosol. The results obtained showed that PAA could obviously reduced nitrogen leaching loss and retain more fertilizer nutrient in the soil. Furthermore, the nouseconsumption of water by soil was cut down and water use efficiency (WUE) and crop yield was increased. Among the treatments, the irrigating alternately with 0.02%, pH6.5 PAA gel and tap water was the best. It could decrease nitrogen leaching loss by 72 per cent, increase WUE and crop production by 14.65 and 33.20 per cent respectively under experiment conditions. Comparing with same nutrient compound fertilizer, blending watersaving fertilizer, which was made of HWAR and straight fertilizers, could markedly increased the length, theshoulder width, the thickness of the pulp, the weight of the signal hot pepper, and yield enhanced by 5.16 per cent. It could also saving water 449 m3/hm2,which equaled to 45 mm rainfall, saving water by 27.7 per cent.

关 键 词：高吸水性树脂 赤红壤 砖红壤 保水保肥效果 旱地 功能性肥料 掺混型节水专用肥 

分 类 号：S145[农业科学—肥料学] S156.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]