嘉早935水稻覆膜旱栽的物质积累及运转研究  

Differences in Accumulation and Translocation of the Nutrients and Dry Matter between Dry and Paddy Cultures of Rice Cultivar Jia Zao 935

作　　者：程旺大[1] 张国平[1] 赵国平[1] 姚海根[2] 王润屹 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院农学系,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院

出　　处：《作物学报》2003年第3期413-418,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家财政部"财政支农"项目;浙江省科技厅"九五"重点项目 ( 9810 0 4;990 10 6)

摘　　要：对嘉早 935水稻覆膜旱作与常规水作栽培的干物质积累、运转及 N、P、K的积累、利用进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,虽然旱作水稻灌浆结实期茎叶干物质向穗部的分配比例较高 ,茎叶干物质输出率、表观转换率和收获指数高于水作水稻 ,但孕穗后特别是齐穗～成熟期干物质积累量较低 ,最终粒重和产量明显低于水作。旱作水稻孕穗前 N积累较快 ,而齐穗后植株 N的积累量较低 ,孕穗～成熟期特别是齐穗后 P、K的积累量明显低于水作水稻。与水作水稻相比 ,旱作水稻 N、P、K前期积累比例大 ,而中、后期特别是齐穗后积累比例明显较低 ,全生育期 N、P、K的平均积累速度较低 ,除孕穗前 N积累速度较大外 ,N、P、K的积累速度在齐穗后均较低 ,尤以 P更为明显。结果也表明 ,齐穗期和成熟期的干物质及养分积累与产量呈极显著正相关。The comparative experiments were conducted to study the difference between dry cultivation with mulching plastic film (DC) and conventional paddy cultivation (PC) in dry matter accumulation and translocation, and nutrient uptake and utilization of rice cultivar Jia Zao 935. The results showed that DC had the higher proportion in re translocation of assimilates stored in stem and leaf into panicles at grain filling stage, and apparent transformation rate of dry matter in stem and leaf, and harvest index, as compared with that of PC, but smaller dry matter accumulation after booting, particularly during the heading to maturing, finally leading to lower grain weight and yield. The relatively more N accumulation was found in DC before booting, but after that N as well as P and K accumulation was markedly smaller than that in PC. DC had the higher N, P and K accumulation percentage at the early growth stage, but lower at the middle and late growth stages. Moreover the plants in DC showed smaller mean accumulation rate of N, P and K in the whole growth period. The results also showed that the grain yield was significantly positively correlated with the dry matter and nutrient accumulation at heading and maturing stages.

关 键 词：嘉早935 水稻 覆膜旱栽 物质积累 运转 养分 干物质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]