链杆式升运器薯土分离损伤机理研究  

Damage mechanism study of chain-lever elevator sweet potato harvester

作　　者：王冰[1] 胡良龙[1] 胡志超[1] 田立佳[1] 计福来[1] 马标[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2014年第2期174-180,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业甘薯产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-11-B-16);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2012388)

摘　　要：4GS-1500型甘薯收获机采用链杆式升运器作为输送分离装置,是杆条升运链式甘薯收获机的典型代表机具。为改进链杆式升运器设计、减小输送分离和抛薯过程中对甘薯的损伤,以商薯19、阜薯24、郑薯20为对象,采用配置了链杆式升运器的4GS-1500型甘薯收获机进行甘薯收获试验,运用力学、运动学等原理,结合试验分析,研究链杆式升运器在输送分离、抛薯过程中产生损伤的原因和减小损伤率的措施。结果表明:配置了链杆式升运器的4GS-1500型甘薯收获机主要损伤形式为表面擦伤,同时伴有压损、薯肉缺损、断裂等特征。损伤主要由输送分离时土块、甘薯、链杆等对甘薯挤压、冲击、摩擦以及抛薯时甘薯撞击地面所产生的冲击造成。通过优化链杆式升运器的设计参数和运行参数,甘薯损伤率降至约1.5%。4GS-1 500sweet potato harvester is a typical chain-lever elevator sweet potato harvester.In order to improve the chain-lever elevator and mitigate the damages on sweet potato in the course of transport-separating and throwing sweet potato,the experiments on Shangshu No.19,Fushu No.24,Zhengshu No.20were carried out with 4GS-1 500sweet potato harvester.The damage occurrence and the injured ratio were studied by mechanics,kinematic principle and test analysis.The results showed that the main damage was galled spots,internal tissue extrusion and break.The damage was mainly caused by shear,impact and friction among clod,sweet potato and the chain-lever.The ratio of the injured sweet potato was reduced to 1.5% by optimizing the rod structure and operational parameter of the chain-lever.

关 键 词：甘薯 链杆式升运器 损伤 薯土分离 

分 类 号：S225.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程]