抗生素的发展与应用  

The Development and Application of Antibiotics

作　　者：曾小龙[1] 陈振强[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东教育学院生物系,广东广州510310

出　　处：《广东教育学院学报》2003年第2期78-81,共4页Journal of Guangdong Education Institute

摘　　要：20世纪20年代末青霉素的发现,开辟了抗生素化疗的新时代,许多感染性疾病从此得到了有效控制,随后,各种抗生素的研制、开发与利用迅速发展.就其发展史而言,抗生素的研究、生产可分为天然抗生素、半合成抗生素和药理活性物质三个发展阶段;按其化学结构的特点,抗生素可分为β 内酰胺类抗生素、氨基糖甙类抗生素、四环类抗生素、大环内酯类抗生素和抗癌抗生素5大类.The discovery of penicillin in the late 1920s started a new epoch of chemical therapeutics by antibiotics. Ever since then,many infective diseases have been effectively controlled. Consequently,the research,exploitation and utilization of many kinds of antibiotics develop very quickly. The development,research and manufacturing of antibiotics undergo three stages:natural antibiotics,semisynthetic antibiotics and pharmacologic active substance. According to the feature of its chemical structure,antibiotics can be grouped into five categories:βLactam Antibiotics,Aminoglycoside Antibiotics,Macrolide Antibiotics,Tetracycline Antibiotics,and Antineoplastic Antibiotics.

关 键 词：抗生素 发展 应用 青霉素 化学结构 Β-内酰胺类抗生素 氨基糖甙类抗生素 抗癌抗生素 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品] TQ465[医药卫生—药学]