催化辅助爆炸法合成碳纳米管  

Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes by Catalysis-assisted Detonation

作　　者：卢怡[1] 朱珍平[1] 吴卫泽[1] 刘振宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,煤转化国家重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2003年第6期1063-1066,共4页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (批准号 :5 9872 0 47)资助

摘　　要：报道了以三硝基苯酚 (苦味酸 ,C6H3 N3 O7)、乙酸钴 [Co(Ac) 2 ]和菲 (C1 4 H1 0 )作为爆炸物 ,通过热引发方式使其在不锈钢耐高压容器中发生爆炸反应来制备多壁碳纳米管 .利用 TEM,HRTEM和 XRD等手段对碳纳米管和催化剂的形貌和结构进行表征 ,综合 TEM和 TG测试结果确定产物中碳纳米管的含量 .结果表明 ,随着反应条件的变化 ,可获得外径分布在 2 0～ 4 0 nm范围内 ,管长为数十微米的多壁碳纳米管 .金属钴催化剂在爆炸过程中原位生成 .苦味酸装填密度的增大有利于碳纳米管含量的提高 ,优化条件 (苦味酸的装填密度为 0 .2 g/ cm3 )后碳纳米管的含量可达 70 %左右 .Carbon nanotubes can be synthesized via the detonation of the mixture of picric acid, cobalt acetate and phenanthrene at an appropriate molar ratio in a sealed stainless steel pressure vessel. TEM result shows that the carbon nanotubes present an appearance of entangled morphologies with outer diameters of 20-40 nm. The average lengths of the nanotubes between the two entangled points range from several to 40 μm. HRTEM result reveals the multi-wall structure of the obtained nanotubes. The in situ formed cobalt catalysts validated by XRD and TEM are crucial to the carbon nanotubes formation during the detonation. The abundance of nanotubes depends critically on the loading density of picric acid, under the experiment conditions and a high loading density is preferable to the preparation of nanotubes-rich products. Under an optimal condition(0.2 g/cm 3 loading density), the purity of as-synthesized nanotubes can be up to 70%, as confirmed by the combination of investigations of TEM and TG.

关 键 词：催化辅助爆炸法 合成 碳纳米管 三硝基苯酚 乙酸钴 菲 透射电镜 结构 X射线衍射 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学] TB383[理学—化学]