山西省传染性非典型肺炎流行病学特征分析  

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Shanxi province

作　　者：梅志强[1] 关联欣[1] 柴志凯[2] 段发愚[1] 曲成毅[3] 张杰敏[1] 翟如芳[1] 吴立平[1] 陈涛安[1] 赵亮怀[1] 李国华[1] 桑志宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省疾病预防控制中心,太原030012 [2]山西省卫生厅项目办公室 [3]山西医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2003年第6期454-457,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的　描述山西省传染性非典型肺炎 [严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS) ]的流行特征 ,分析形成这些特征的因素。方法　收集 2 0 0 3年 3月初至 5月 2 0日山西省SARS疫情报告系统报至山西省疾病预防控制中心全部SARS临床诊断病例及部分流行病学个案调查报告 ,描述SARS在山西省的时间、地区、人群分布特征 ,采用EPIinfo 6 .0软件进行统计学分析。结果　山西省自 2 0 0 3年 3月 7日诊断首例输入性SARS病例后 ,至 5月 2 0日累计临床诊断SARS病例 44 5例 ,罹患率 1.34/ 10万 ,死亡 2 0例 ,病死率 4.49%。发病人数从 3月 2 8日起增高形成第一个高峰 ,至 4月 18日继续升高 ,形成第二个高峰 ,以后逐渐下降 ,至 5月 19日首次出现临床诊断病例零报告。目前疫情呈低水平流行势态。SARS病例主要集中在人口密集的城市市区 ,占 83.82 %,农村地区呈散发状态。职业构成以学生、医务人员居多。年龄分布以 2 0～ 5 9岁为高发人群 ,病死率随年龄的增高而上升 ,男女发病之比为 1∶0 .87。结论　山西省SARS流行呈输入、上升、高峰并逐步下降的趋势 ,早期发现和有效控制传染源是控制疫情蔓延的关键。Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of SARS in Shanxi in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of severe caute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods Data on clinically-diagnosed SARS cases reported to Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention through SARS reporting system of Shanxi province and epidemiological reports were collected from early March to 20 May, 2003. The characteristics of SARS distribution in time, place and population in Shanxi were described. The epidemiological characteristics and related influential factors were analyzed with EPI info 6.0 software. Results Since the first imported SARS case was diagnosed clinically on 7 March and till 20 May in Shanxi province, the number of cumulative clinically-diagnosed SARS cases were 445 with an attack rate of 1.34/ 100 000. 20 deaths occurred in that period with the mortality rate 4.49%. The number of cases increased from 28 March and formed the first peak. However, the number continued to increase until 18 April to have formed the second peak. Since then, the number of cases has gradually decreased gradually. Since 19 May, there has been no clinically-diagnosed cases being reported. SARS cases were mostly seen in urban areas of the city ( 83.82% of the total SARS cases) with sporadic cases found in rural areas. Students and medical staff and people from 20-59 years of age occupied the large part of the cases. Age specific mortality rate increased with age and the male/ female ratio was 1∶0.87. Conclusion In Shanxi province, the SARS epidemic seemed to have had the following stages: importation of the first case, gradual increase of the number of cases to reach the peak and decreasing. Case identification at early stage as well as taking measures to decrease the chance of transmission were strategically crucial for controlling the spread of SARS virus in the community.

关 键 词：山西 传染性 非典型肺炎 流行病学 特征分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]