天然气地球化学的重要分支——稀有气体地球化学  

AN IMPORTANT BRANCH OF GAS GEOCHEMISTRY——NOBLE GAS GEOCHEMISTRY

作　　者：徐永昌[1] 刘文汇[1] 沈平[1] 陶明信[1] 郑建京[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州地质研究所气体地球化学实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2003年第3期157-166,共10页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家"973"项目 (编号 :2 0 0 1CB2 0 910 0 )资助

摘　　要：稀有气体因其在化学上活性弱、在自然界丰度低、成因均与特定的核过程相关而成为地质物体地质历程的重要示踪剂。中国科学院兰州地质研究所 (以下简称兰州地质所 )将稀有气体引入到天然气地球化学研究中 ,形成了一个具有特色的学科分支——稀有气体地球化学。尽管稀有气体与烃类气体具有不同的成因 ,但在特定条件下 ,结合研究区域的地质特征 ,稀有气体常可起到重要而特殊的作用。简要介绍了兰州地质所在稀有气体地球化学研究方面的有关成果和一些新的进展。利用 40 Ar/3 6Ar平均值将四川盆地古老的威远震旦系气藏 ( 4 0 Ar/3 6Ar平均值 70 0 9)和二叠系气藏 ( 4 0 Ar/3 6Ar平均值 1 0 1 7)很好地区别开来 ,并将威远构造威 7井二叠系气藏 ( 4 0 Ar/3 6Ar平均值 5 2 2 2 )气源确定为源于震旦系的气藏。根据 40 Ar/3 6Ar值将中原油田储层内同为第三系的煤型气 ( 4 0 Ar/3 6Ar平均值 1 1 2 5 )和油型气 ( 4 0 Ar/3 6Ar平均值 5 90 )很好地加以区分。此外 40 Ar/3 6Ar值对古潜山油藏的油源对比等也有很好的效果。根据 3 He/4He值所反映的壳幔交换信息将中国含油气区划分为 3个区块并综述了对各区的研究成果 :1东部活动区 ,壳幔挥发份交换活跃 ,3 He/4He值以 1 0 -6为主 ,部份为1 0 -7;2中部稳定区 ,3 He/4He?Because of weak activity, the abundance of noble gas is very low in nature. Their formations are all relative with special nucleus process. This characteristic promote them being as an important tracer of geologic process. It was introduced into research of natural gas geochemistry by Lanzhou Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Science and formed a particular branch of subject noble gas geochemistry. The formation of noble gas are different with hydrocarbon gas, but combining with geologic characteristics of research areas they often been as an important and special role in given condition. This article introduces the research process, achievements and new advance of noble gases geochemistry in Lanzhou Institute of Geology. We distinguish old Weiyuan Sinian gas reservoir (average value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar: 7009) from Permian gas reservoir (average value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar: 1017) applying average value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar and also determine Sinian is the gas source of Wei 7 well Permian gas pool (average value of 40 Ar/36 Ar: 5 222). According to the value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar we distinguish coal type gas (average value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar: 1 125) from oil type gas (average value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar: 590) which reservoir layers all are Triassic in Zhongyuan oil field. Moreover, the value of 40 Ar/ 36 Ar has a good effect on oil source correlation in buried hill oil reservoir. According to exchange information of crust and mantle resulted from the value of 3 He/ 4 He, we divide Chinese oil areas into three districts and summarize the research achievement of them: ① East relative district, exchange of crust and mantle is active in this district, the value 3 He/ 4 He are mainly 10 -6 except a few is 10 -7 .② Middle stable district, the value of 3 He/ 4 He all are 10 -8 . ③West under stable district, the value of 3 He/ 4 He mainly are 10 -8 except the edge of basin are 10 -7 . According to abundance of He in some east gas well reach indus

关 键 词：天然气地球化学 稀有气体 同位素 气源对比 氦同位素 流体包体 油气圈闭 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]