PAC-MBR组合工艺中膜污染及清洗方法的研究  

Study on Fouling and Cleaning of Membrane in PAC Combined MBR

作　　者：迪莉拜尔.苏力坦 莫罹[1] 黄霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室,100084

出　　处：《给水排水》2003年第5期1-4,共4页Water & Wastewater Engineering

摘　　要：对粉末活性炭 膜生物反应器 (PAC MBR)组合工艺处理微污染水源水过程中的膜污染进行了分析 ,并对膜清洗方法进行了研究。扫描电镜观察表明 ,由活性炭、活性污泥等相互粘结形成的凝胶层是膜外表面的主要污染物 ,而膜内表面污染不明显。采用曝气清洗、超声波清洗、NaClO碱洗、HCl酸洗可有效地使污染膜的通透性能最终恢复到 95 %以上。其中超声波清洗可使膜比通量恢复 5 4 %,碱洗可进一步恢复 38%。各级洗脱液分子量分布测定结果表明 :曝气洗脱液中分子量大于2 0 0 0 0的有机物约占 70 %;而超声波主要去除的是分子量小于 4 0 0 0的有机物 ;碱洗脱液去除的UV2 54 占化学清洗总量的 92 %。通过清洗效果分析 ,有机污染是造成膜污染的主要原因。Membrane fouling and cleaning methods in the PAC (powdered activated carbon) combined MBR (membrane bioreactor) applied to purify slightly-polluted raw water were investigated. By SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope) observation, it was found that the membrane fouling on the exterior surface was mainly attributive to the gel layer consisted of PAC, activated sludge and so on, while the inner membrane surface has been little fouled. Combined cleaning including extended aeration, ultrasonic cleaning, rinses by 0.3% NaClO solution and 2% HCl solution could recover membrane permeability over 95%. Especially ultrasonic cleaning and NaClO rinse were found to be effective for recovering membrane permeability by 54% and 38% respectively. From the measurement of molecular weight distributions of extracted liquid in each cleaning step, it was found that the aerated liquid had 70% organics whose molecular weight exceeded 20 000, and ultrasonic cleaning mainly removed the organics with molecular weight lower than 4 000. Organic matters were presumed to be mainly responsible for the membrane fouling.

关 键 词：PAC—MBR组合工艺 膜污染 清洗 过滤 活性炭 活性污泥 

分 类 号：TU991.24[建筑科学—市政工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]