栉孔扇贝(♀)×虾夷扇贝(♂)精子入卵过程的电镜观察  

Electron microscope observation on Patinopecten yessoensis sperm penetration into Chlamys farreri egg

作　　者：周丽青[1] 杨爱国[2] 刘志鸿[2] 杜方勇[1] 王清印[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学渔业学院,上海200090 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2003年第3期189-194,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家"九七三"重大基础研究规划资助项目(G1999012004);国家海洋"八六三"资助项目(2001AA620106)

摘　　要：采用扫描电镜和透射电镜技术对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri,)×虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis,)的精子入卵过程进行观察。结果表明,这2种扇贝杂交与亲本自交的精子入卵过程没有本质的区别。成熟的精卵相遇时,相互激活,产生一系列胞间反应,卵子的激活集中表现为皮层反应、受精膜举起、成熟分裂重新启动;精子激活集中表现为顶体反应和受精锥形成。在16～18℃条件下,精子入卵的时间集中在精卵混合后的第6 min。8 min后,精子的线粒体随精核一起进入卵子中。精子入卵后精核略微膨胀,卵细胞中的线粒体在精核附近出现聚集现象。杂交中有多精入卵现象。本研究目的旨为优化扇贝种间杂交技术及探讨种间受精生物学过程提供基础依据。Two scallop species Patinopecten yessoensis (n=5) and Chlamys farreri (n=5) were artificially crossbred and inseminated, and the penetration of P. yessoensis sperms into the C. farreri eggs was observed by both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the process of the sperm entry into the egg between crossbreeding and inbreeding of these two species. As observed, while encountering, the mature eggs and sperms activated mutually, which caused a series of responses such as cortical reaction, fertilization membrane hunching, acrosome reaction and fertilization cone formation. Under the temperature of 16-18℃, most of the sperms entered into the eggs six minutes after the they were mixed. About eight minutes after the insemination, the sperm mitochondria penetrated into the egg along with the sperm nucleus. A slight increase of the sperm nucleus in size was observed soon after its penetration. It was also found that the egg mitochondria assembled around the sperm nucleus. The polyspermy was observed during the crossbreeding insemination.

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 虾夷扇贝 杂交 精子入卵 电镜观察 

分 类 号：Q248[生物学—细胞生物学] Q321.1