新疆4405名妇女妇幼卫生保健知识和卫生行为调查分析  

Knowledge of Maternal and Child Health and Health Behaviors among 4405 Women in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region

作　　者：严维红[1] 王志超[1] 张俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2003年第6期415-417,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的　了解新疆维吾尔自治区各族妇女妇幼卫生保健知识、态度和行为 ,为世行贷款卫Ⅸ项目开展有针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法　采用整群随机分层抽样方法对新疆 2 4个县的新婚、怀孕、哺乳期妇女44 5 0人进行问卷调查。结果　未经培训的人员接生可造成新生儿破伤风和产褥感染知晓率占 10 2 % ;孕妇出现阴道出血必须立即去医院检查知晓率为 46 8% ,烟酒、农药、重金属、放射性物质对孕妇有害知晓率占 3 0 3 % ;因食物不洁或喂养不当可造成孩子腹泻知晓率占 2 2 7% ;孕妇缺碘会引起早产流产、先天畸形、影响胎儿大脑正常发育知晓率占 4 9%。在家分娩率占 45 7% ;2 7 6%的产妇由未学过新法接生的家人接生。汉族妇女在县以上医疗机构分娩为 67 0 % ,维族妇女为 2 0 6%。结论　新疆各族新婚、怀孕、哺乳期的妇女卫生知识水平偏低、住院分娩率低 。Objective To investigate the knowledge of maternal and child health and health behaviors among the women in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region so as to provide basis for development of specific health education within the framework of the World Bank Loan Health Ⅸ Project. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 4450 newly wedded, pregnant, and breast feeding women, 59 1% of whom were of Uigur nationality, in 24 counties in Xinjiang by random cluster sampling. Results 10 2% of the respondents knew that delivery by un trained midwives would cause neonatal tetanus and puerperal infection 46 8% of them knew that pregnant women suffering from vaginal bleeding should be sent to hospital immediately 30 3% of them knew that smoking, alcohol, insecticide, heavy metal, and radioactive materials are harmful to pregnant women 22 7% of them knew that unclean food and improper feeding habits might cause diarrhea in children 4 9% of them knew that iodine deficiency may cause developmental disturbance of fetal brain, congenital deformities, premature labor/abortion, etc 27 6% of them were delivered by their family members who had not been trained in new styled delivery The home labor rate was 45 7% The average knowledge rate among Han women was 67 0%, and that among Uigur women was 20 6%. Conclusion The knowledge rate of maternal and child health is rather low among the newly wedded, pregnant, and breast feeding women of different nationalities, especially among those of Uigur nationality The hospital delivery rate is still low Health education specific to them is imperative

关 键 词：新疆 妇女 妇幼卫生 妇幼保健 知识 行为 调查 态度 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]