挪威云杉及杂种落叶松稳定胚性细胞系及体胚再生系统的建立(英文)  

EFFICIENCY IN THE FORMATION OF STABLE EMBRYOGENIC LINES AND SOMATIC EMBRYO REGENERATION IN NORWAY SPRUCE AND HYBRID LARCH

作　　者：Dietrich Ewald 胡建军[2] 

机构地区：[1]德国联邦林业及林产品研究中心 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2003年第3期53-62,共10页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

摘　　要：本文报道了挪威云杉 (Piceaabies)和杂种落叶松 (Larixdeciduas×L .kaempferi)人工授粉种子诱导胚性细胞系及植株的再生。挪威云杉在德国SaxonOre山区被选为对空气污染有抗性的树种并种植在位于Waldsieversdorf的林木遗传育种研究所的种植园中。对挪威云杉测试了几个不同亲本组合的种子形成胚性细胞系的能力。这些云杉种子于 1992 0 1采收 ,含有干燥的成熟合子胚。作为对照 ,相同的亲本组合云杉种子于1993 0 8和 1998 0 8采收 ,合子胚处于成熟中。杂种落叶松则只有一个人工授粉组合 ,大田试验证实幼苗生长良好。分别于 1995和 1996年采收含有未成熟合子胚的未成熟种子。诱导愈伤形成用附加细胞分裂素 (激动素和 或BAP)和生长素 (NAA ,2 ,4 D)及有机氮源 (水解酪蛋白和谷氨酰胺 )的标准培养基 (SPE和MSG) ,于黑暗下培养。尽管在建立培养体系后 5～ 12周产生了大量胚性愈伤组织 ,诱导率超过 2 5 % ,但 1a后只有超过1%的胚性愈伤组织稳定生长。挪威云杉稳定胚性细胞系的数量与成熟合子胚的采收季节及建立细胞系的时间 (8月或 1月 )无关 ,但在 8月收获的合子胚在挪威云杉 5～ 12周后胚性愈伤组织诱导率要高些 ,然而能在悬浮培养中生长及随后成熟体胚能顺利再生植株的稳定胚性细胞系的数量有限。The induction of embryogenic cultures from controlled pollinated seeds was tested for Norway Spruce and hybrid Larch in different years. The amount of established stable lines in both species was determined. A reduction in the regeneration potential of the lines was observed after a few years. In Norway Spruce, contrary to hybrid Larch, only some established lines were able to grow in suspension culture. Established embryogenic lines of both species not in all cases were able to regenerate somatic embryos. The use of polyethyleneglycoll and the mode of abscisic acid sterilisation were found to be factors responsible for the number of mature somatic embryos formed. The transfer of somatic embryos into germinating plants and later on to the soil was possible for hybrid Larch lines. Insufficient root formation in Norway Spruce somatic embryos influenced the transfer to the soil negatively. The low number of stable embryogenic lines (<5%) formed in both species confirmed that this step is the most limiting one within this plant regeneration method at present.

关 键 词：挪威云杉 杂种 落叶松 胚性细胞系 体胚再生系 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S791.22[农业科学—林学]