对影响船舶航行安全的爆发性气旋的诊断分析  

Diagnosis Analysis of Explosive Cyclone Influencing Navigation Safety

作　　者：文元桥[1] 黄立文[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国航海》2003年第2期55-60,共6页Navigation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金资助项目 ( 4 973 62 0 0 )

摘　　要：对 2个典型的黄 东海入海气旋进行了诊断分析和数值实验 ,考查了个例在不同阶段各动力 热力因子的空间和水平分布特征以及水汽的水平和垂直输送的演变过程。结果表明 ,在冷季大气斜压背景场产生的强温度平流和由积云对流活动产生的大量凝结潜热释放等因子的共同作用下 ,入海气旋变成有利的特定空间结构、地面地转相对涡度急剧增加时 ,气旋便出现爆发性发展。爆发性发展时凝结潜热释放需要的大量水汽主要来源于气旋入海过程中 ,当地海 气相互作用过程所积累的水汽起主导作用 ,它通过影响后续的凝结潜热释放在一定程度上制约了入海气旋是否会发展为爆发性气旋。In this paper the dynamical process of a passing cyclone evolving into explosive cyclone over the Yellow and East China Seas and the incipient moisture transfer effecting the succedent development are investigated in dynamical diagnostics and numerical experiment frame. The results indicates that explosive development occurs when the cyclone entering sea is changed into a favorable spatial configuration and surface geostrophic vorticity is increased rapidly in common action of strong temperature advection created by baro inclined background in cold season and large latent heat release created by cumulus convection. The large amount of moisture fluxes come from the process of cyclone entering sea and also from the collection in the convergent process of moisture via the interaction of low level from the South and latent flux from local sea surface. The later is major moisture source during moisture collection process and it dominates, to a certain extent, whether the passing cyclone will evolve into an explosive one or not. This will play a significant role in knowing explosive cyclone for seamen.

关 键 词：船舶 航行安全 爆发性气旋 气象分析 航海气象学 

分 类 号：U675.12[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U676.1[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]