严重急性呼吸综合征患者心理状态的量化评估与干预对策  

Quantitative assessment and intervention of mental status in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome

作　　者：刘晓红[1] 齐艳[1] 党莉杰[2] 邓光辉[1] 穆新华[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学心理学教研室,上海200433 [2]解放军第302医院感染1科,北京100039

出　　处：《第二军医大学学报》2003年第6期617-620,共4页Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的 :量化评估严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)患者的心理状态 ,即时、准确地甄别伴随严重心理危机的 SARS患者 ,为有效实施心理干预提供科学依据。 方法 :采用第二军医大学心理学教研室研制的“非精神科住院患者心理状态评定量表”(MSSNS)等 ,对 4 6例 SARS患者实施心理评估 ,并将该评估结果与其他肺炎患者、MSSNS的一般住院患者常模作对照比较。结果 :SARS患者的心理反应与一般住院患者常模、其他肺炎患者未呈现显著差异 ;SARS患者组内的心理反应差异与其年龄、婚姻状况、职业等个体背景及发热持续时间呈显著相关。 结论 :SARS患者的心理反应符合患者心理过程的一般规律 ,即疾病本身所导致的患者心理差异不大 ,情绪稳定性等人格特征才是影响患者心理状态的基础因素 ;SARS患者的负性情绪反应强度受其年轻、未婚、非医务人员、发热持续时间长等因素影响。因此 ,对 SARS患者心理异常的有效干预 ,必须以科学评估为前提 ;以影响因素分析为导引。Objective:To quantitively assess the mental status of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) for correct diagnosis of those have serious mental crisis,providing scientific basis for the psychological intervention. Methods:The mental status in 46 SARS patients were analyzed with the Mental Status Scale in Non psychiatric Settings(MSSNS, by Department of Psychology, Second Military Medical University )and compared with that of the common pneumonia patients and the norm of common inpatients. Results:The scores of SARS patients and those of the other pneumonia patients and the norm of common inpatients had no significant difference. The psychological reactions of SARS patients were related significantly with the patient's age, marital status, occupation and the duration of fever. Conclusion:The psychological reactions of SARS patients were accordant with those of the common patients. The results indicated that the patient's personality, such as the emotional stability, was the essential impact factor on the patient's mental status. The level of negative emotional reactions in SARS patients are influenced by whether the patients are young, single, lack of medical knowledge and fever duration. So the effective psychological intervention to the SARS patients should be based on the scientific assessment and influencing factors analysis.

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸综合征 心理状态 量化评估 干预 非典型肺炎 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]