上海市1996～2000年高龄肺结核临床流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in the senility of Shanghai from 1996 to 2000

作　　者：李永祥[1] 沈鑫[1] 梅建[1] 沈梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2003年第6期277-279,283,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的 ]　探讨高龄肺结核临床特征及治疗和管理措施。　 [方法 ]　对高龄肺结核 (≥ 80岁 )的临床特征、治疗、疗效及管理状况与老龄肺结核 ( 60～ 79岁 )进行对比分析。　 [结果 ]　高龄组新登记率近年呈上升趋势 ,最高为 1999年 88.61/10万。两组合并症的疾病种类不同 ,高龄组以肺部肿瘤或其他脏器的肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等老年性疾病为主 ;老龄组以糖尿病、尘肺和精神病为主 ,合并糖尿病的构成比最高。两组短程化疗方案使用率均较低 ,仅为 3 0 %左右 ,高龄组病人拒治多于老龄组。两组管理方式以住院治疗最多 ,病人自服药高龄组初治病人构成比最高 ,为 6.2 2 %。两组治愈率高龄组低于老龄组 ,两组死因构成无论是结核还是非结核死亡 ,高龄组明显高于老龄组 ,结核病死亡最高构成比是高龄组 ,其中复治病人达 11.0 6%。　 [结论 ]　高龄老人肺结核疫情对上海市肺结核疫情有一定影响 ,针对目前高龄肺结核治愈率低 ,病死率高的特点 ,应积极探索和研究针对性较强的有效治疗方案和管理措施 ,提高临床医生诊治水平 ,加强社区督导管理。To explore the clinical characteristics, treatment and management measures of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly. A comparison of clinical characteristics, treatment, effect and compliance activities of management quality in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among senility (≥80 years) and elderly (60-79 years) cases was performed. The new registration rate of senility PTB increased in recent 3 years. The complications in two groups were different. The common complications were pulmonary and extra-pulmonary cancer, circulatory diseases in senility cases, however, there were diabetes, pneumoconiosis and psychosis in elderly cases. The short-course regimen was used for only 30% cases in both senility and elderly. There were more cases refused to take drug in senility than those in elderly. The cure rate in senility was lower than that in elderly, the percentage of cases died in tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis is higher in senility than that in elderly. [Conclusion] Senility pulmonary tuberculosis had an effect on the epidemiologic situation of tuberculosis in Shanghai. It is necessary to pay more attention to the senility with pulmonary tuberculosis and explore more effective treatment regimen and management methods for them.

关 键 词：上海 1996~2000年 高龄 肺结核 流行病学 临床特点 疗效 治疗 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]