控/缓释肥在不同介质中的氮素释放特性及其肥效评价  

N release characteristics of controlled/slowed-release fertilizer in different media and its effects evaluation

作　　者：杜建军[1] 廖宗文[2] 毛小云[2] 刘可星[2] 冯新[2] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业技术学院植物营养与肥料研究室,广东广州510225 [2]华南农业大学新肥料资源研究室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2003年第2期165-169,共5页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2001AA246023);广东省科技计划百项工程(2KB045601N);广东省重点科技攻关项目(A20405);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[农科攻字(2002)第4 2 2号]资助。

摘　　要：以水、土壤、砂子、土壤+砂子和土壤+沸石为介质,研究了5种控/缓释肥的溶(淋)出特征。结果表明,由于性质不同,同一肥料在不同介质中的溶(淋)出率和溶(淋)出模式有很大差异。水中溶出率虽可以快速比较不同控/缓释肥的溶出速率,但用以估测肥料在田间的实际肥效,则产生较大的误差。客观、合理地评价控/缓释肥,应该在"肥料 土壤 作物"系统中考虑。相对而言,考虑土壤因子的土柱淋出率法较水中溶出率法更为接近田间实际。Several media (water, soil, sand, mixture of soil and sand, and mixture of soil and zeolite) were used to study the nutrient release characteristics of five controlledrelease fertilizers (CRFs) or slowrelease fertilizers (SRFs). The results showed that for a fertilizer there were significant differences in release pattern and release rate when dissolving or leaching in different media due to the different properties. So considerable errors might occur if water dissolution rate method was used to estimate the fertilizer efficiency although the method can make quick comparisons of nutrient release rates among different CRFs/SRFs. More objective and reasonable evaluation of CRFs/SRFs should be taken in the system of 'Fertilizersoilcrop'. Comparatively, soil column leaching method was much closer to the field reality than water dissolution rate method.

关 键 词：控释肥 缓释肥 介质 氮素 养分释放特性 肥效 土壤淋出率法 水中溶出率法 土壤因子 

分 类 号：TQ440[化学工程—化学肥料工业]