塞式喷管气体动力学过程冷流实验研究  

Cold flow experimental study of plug nozzle

作　　者：李江[1] 马家欢[2] 潘文欣[2] 翟曼玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航天工程学院,陕西西安710072 [2]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《流体力学实验与测量》2003年第2期10-14,共5页Experiments and Measurements in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(19882006)

摘　　要：开展了塞式喷管气体动力学过程的冷流实验研究。实验对不同压比条件下塞式喷管塞体表面的压力分布进行了测量,对塞体长度、侧板影响、底部特性以及二次流影响进行了研究。通过冷流实验揭示了塞式喷管的气体动力学过程和流动特性,得到的结论主要有:(1)有无侧板对塞体边缘压力分布影响比较明显,对中心线压力分布影响很小,无侧板的情况下喷管性能会有一定损失。(2)尾迹开放状态下,底部压力随环境压力变化,由于底部涡的影响,底部压力低于环境压力;尾迹闭合状态下,底部压力不再随环境压力变化。(3)尾迹闭合状态下,在底部加入二次流会有比较明显的增压效果;尾迹开放状态下,二次流对短喷管增压效果不明显,但对长喷管有一定的增压效果。The cold flow simulation experiments are carried out to show the gas dynamic mechanism of plug nozzle. The pressure distributions on the surfaces of plug nozzles are measured with different nozzle pressure ratios. The influences of plug length, side plates, base flow and base bleed on plug nozzle performance are studied. Some valuable conclusions are summarized as following: 1) The effect of side plates on pressure distribution along the plug edge is more notable than that along the centerline. The performance of plug nozzle is decreased without side plates. 2) Under the open wake condition the base pressure drops with the decreasing of ambient pressure. The base pressure is slightly lower than ambient pressure due to the base vortex. In the case of close wake condition the base pressure do not change any more with the decreasing of ambient pressure. The base pressure of long plug is lower than that of short one. 3) Experiments show that net gain of nozzle performance can be achieved by diverting a small percentage of primary flow to the nozzle base. This base bleed increases the nozzle base pressure obviously under close wake condition. Under open wake condition this effect is obvious only to the long plug. 

关 键 词：塞式喷管 气体动力学 冷流实验 尾迹 实验设备 流动特征 

分 类 号：V433.9[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]