免耕露播稻草覆盖栽培小麦的生物学效应分析  

Analysis of biological effect of the wheat sown through surface seeding and mulching straw

作　　者：汤永禄[1] 黄钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2003年第2期37-41,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研究项目(91101002-1)

摘　　要：免耕露播稻草覆盖栽培小麦的次生根数量、单株根系总长和根重均显著高于翻耕小麦,且在不同生育阶段根系活力均明显增强;免耕露播使小麦分蘖增多,尤其是芽鞘蘖、低节位蘖发生早而多;基部节间缩短、充实度提高,穗颈节增长,利于增强抗倒伏能力和提高产量;叶面积指数和群体质量提高,光合功能增强,干物质积累增多。In 1991～2000,the planting trials of surface seeding and mulching rice straw for wheat after rice were carried out to study the characteristics of root development,tillering,crown structure,photosynthesis,and accumulation of photosynthesis products.The results were as follows:(1)the number of roots,total length of roots per plant,and root weight per plant of wheat sown through surface seeding and mulching straw were higher than that of ploughed wheat and root activity at different stage became stronger,and there were more roots in 0～10?cm soil layer and less in 10～30?cm soil layer than that of ploughed wheat;(2)Surface seeding under zero tillage led to more tillers,especially coleoptile tillers and lowernodal tillers;(3)Base internodes became shorter and their matterfilled grade increased while neck internode became longer;(4)LAI,colony quality,photosynthesis ability of colony,and accumulation of photosynthesis products under the cultivation of surface seeding & mulching rice straw were higher than that under plowing cultivation.

关 键 词：小麦 免耕露播 稻草覆盖 生物学效应 根系活力 叶面积指数 群体质量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]