生物多样性对岩溶地区生态保护、恢复及重建的意义  

The significance of biodiversity in protection,restoration and reconstruction of Karst ecosystem

作　　者：周蓓[1] 李艳娜[2] 陈忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学资源与环境科学研究中心,重庆400715 [2]重庆商学院旅游管理系,重庆400067

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2003年第3期248-252,共5页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国土资源部岩溶动力学开放实验室和科技部社会公益研究专项资金资助项目(2000-164)

摘　　要：中国西南区岩溶为亚热带岩溶,波兰为温带岩溶,两者在地质、气候、土壤、水文等方面存在显著性差异。通过对两地解决岩溶生态环境问题的对比研究表明,虽然两地岩溶环境存在差异,但物种种类贫乏是两地退化生态系统的共同表征,因此植被恢复是解决岩溶环境问题的重要前提,而物种多样性的恢复与发展又是植被恢复的关键。选择适宜的先锋种和关键种是恢复与发展物种多样性的基础。对于中国西南而言,先锋种应具备石生、旱生、喜钙性等特征,关键种则应具备以下条件:(1)能耐贫瘠干旱土壤和昼夜温差的变化,在高温干燥的影响下,也能照常进行生理活动;(2)根系要特别发达,茎具有萌生能力;(3)适应钙质土壤。在此基础上,进行先锋群落的构建,最终达到岩溶生态恢复与重建的目的。In order to provide the understanding of the aforesaid question, the essay chooses two cases,which are so different and have no impaction with each other,which are subtropical type of Karst of southwest in China and temperate type of Karst of Poland.They have the significant differences of geology, climate, soil and hydrology. The preliminary research indicates that although there are differences in Karst environment in these two area, the same character of the deteriorated ecosystem is species poor. In order to solve the problem of Karst environment, restoration of vegetation is the important and the biodiversity is key point of restoration the vegetation. The results show that the basis of restoration of biodiversity is choosing the suitable pioneer and key species. About southwest China, the pioneer species characters are calciphile, petrophile and xerophile; the key species characters are: (1)enduring arid soil and the change of difference in temperature between day and night; (2) roots much developed and stems have sprout ability; (3) adapting to calcisoil. On this basis reconstruction of pioneer community and reach the goal of restoration and reconstruction the Karst ecosystem.

关 键 词：生物多样性 岩溶地区 生态保护 恢复 重建 沙地改造 先锋种 关键种 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] Q147[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]