爆轰合成纳米石墨粉的实验研究  

Preparation of Nano-Graphite Powder by Explosive Detonation Method

作　　者：文潮[1] 关锦清[2] 孙德玉[2] 刘晓新[2] 李迅[2] 周刚[2] 林俊德[2] 金志浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2003年第7期747-749,758,共4页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家"九七三"计划资助项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 2 6 40 3 )

摘　　要：采用密度分别为1 40、1 45、1 50、1 55和1 60g/cm3的纯TNT药柱,以及在密度为1 55g/cm3的TNT炸药中分别添加2%、5%、8%、10%、15%(质量分数)石墨的药柱,在CO2、N2保护气氛中和真空(约200Pa)条件下用爆轰方法合成了纳米石墨粉.爆轰后在容器内收集到的产物为黑色粉末,X射线衍射检测的结果表明为石墨结构的颗粒,粒径尺寸分布在2～33nm之间.纳米石墨粉相对炸药量的产率为:纯TNT炸药为14%～35%,TNT炸药+石墨为18%～42%.纳米石墨粉的产率在CO2保护气氛中最高,在N2、真空中依次降低;随TNT炸药密度的增大产率有所升高.The preparation of nano-graphite powder in steel chamber by using detonation of pure TNT (trinitrotoluene) explosives and other additions is reported. The actual density of TNT varies as 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.55 and 1.60 grams per cubic centimeter, respectively, the quantity of graphite addition varies from 2% to 15%, and the explosive conditions are respectively carbon dioxide, nitrogen and low vacuum (about 200 Pa). X-ray diffraction results indicate that the black solid product collected from the wall and the bottom of the chamber after detonation is graphite, and the particle size of the graphite is in the range of 2-33 nm. The yields of the nano-graphite are about 14%-35% for pure TNT and 18%-42% for TNT+graphite. The yield is higher in carbon dioxide and lower under low vacuum, and increases with the increase of TNT density.

关 键 词：纳米石墨粉 爆轰法 制备 

分 类 号：TF123.1[冶金工程—粉末冶金] O389[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]