少女原发性痛经影响因素分析  

Analysis on affecting factors of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls

作　　者：于学文[1] 金辉[1] 韩蓁[1] 李芬[1] 王凤琴[1] 张蕴景[1] 吴雅俐[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一医院妇幼保健中心,陕西西安710061 [2]宝鸡市妇幼保健院,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2003年第3期273-275,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：目的　探讨青春期少女痛经发生情况及其影响因素 ,以便为其开展身心保健 ,采取有效对策。方法　采取整群随机抽样的方法 ,对宝鸡市具有代表性的三所中学 669名少女进行调查。结果　 ( 1)少女痛经的发生率为 68.2 % ( 4 5 6/669) ,其中轻度为 5 0 .2 % ( 2 2 9/4 5 6) ,中度为 3 4.0 % ( 15 5 /4 5 6) ,重度为 15 .8% ( 72 /4 5 6)。 ( 2 )单因素分析有显著性意义的有 :少女食零食、冷水洗漱、睡眠、贫血 ,月经异常、白常异常 ,初潮年龄早 ,经龄时间短 ,烦躁焦虑 ,情绪低落 ,紧张担心 ,母亲有痛经共 12个因素对痛经有不同程度的影响 (P <0 .0 5 )。 ( 3 )多元逐步回归分析发现 ,睡眠充足为减少痛经发生的保护性因素 ,常食零食、贫血、月经异常、白带异常、烦躁与焦虑、情绪低落 6个因素是青春期少女痛经发生的危险因素 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　原发性痛经在青春期少女中具有较高的发生率 ,不良的生物、社会、心理因素可诱发少女痛经的发生。Objective To determine the frequency and affecting factors of the primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in order to take health care for them. Methods The sample was constituted from 669 students that were subjected to questionnaire. Results The frequency of the primary dysmenorrhea was 68.2%(456/669).Mild was 50.2%(229/456), moderate 34.0%(155/456) and severe 15.8%(72/456). Single factor analysis showed that affecting factors of dysmenorrhea include often nibble between meals, washing face and teeth with cold water, sleep deficiency, anemia, abnormal menstruation, leukorrhagia, earlier menarche, shorter menstrual age, dysphoria and anxiety, subnormal emotion, worry, mother who had dysmenorrhea history (P<0.05). Multi factors analysis showed that enough sleep was related to a decrease of its prevalence. Often nibble between meals, anemia, abnormal menstruation, leukorrhagia, dysphoria and anxiety, subnormal emotion were correlated with a higher frequency. Conclusions Primary dysmenorrhea is very common in young women. No good biological, social and psychological factors may cause dysmenorrhea.

关 键 词：青春期少女 痛经 流行病学调查 保健 

分 类 号：R711.51[医药卫生—妇产科学]