当量电价体系及相关制度设计 (六)输电的当量电价理论与方法  

ELECTRICITY VALUE EQUIVALENT (EVE) PRICING SYSTEM AND RELEVANT SYSTEMS DESIGN Part Six Transmission Electricity Value Equivalent (EVE) Pricing Methodology

作　　者：言茂松[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学自动化系,上海市200072

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2003年第14期1-8,共8页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 (5 993715 0 )~~

摘　　要：以短期边际成本原理为基础的经济调度可以保证市场效率 ,但由于规模 (scale)经济性和范围 (scope)经济性使输电投资的容量回报严重不足 ;而用潮流追踪法追加成本又会损害市场效率。当量电价理论主张在输电领域也必须满足第 1市场原则 ,即 :既要保证市场效率 ,又要保证容量充分回报 ;还要满足第 2市场原则 ,即 :在全网统筹实现市场效率和容量充分回报后 ,在新、老线路投资者之间进行再调节 ,实现经济公平。输电市场中的市场效率具体表现为经济调度潮流。文中介绍了比例于线损嵌入容量成本的经济调度潮流不变的不变性原理 ,基于此建立了输电的当量电价方法。介绍了Ⅱ型输电当量电价法 ,由于它要求政府对全网应回收的容量成本包括搁浅成本的年金 ,事先进行审核 ,并以过路费率的形式计入优化目标 ,因此电网公司可适度规避风险 ,适合于开放输电市场的初期 ,从而推荐给我国采用。最后给出了算例 ,将Ⅱ型输电当量电价法与短期边际成本法以及潮流追踪的追加法做了比较 ,验证了经济调度潮流的不变性原理 ,自动实现了交易和潮流解耦 ,很好地实现了第 1市场原则和第 2市场原则。In a transmission system the market efficiency can be achieved under the economic dispatch based on short run marginal cost (SRMC) methods, but the capacity returns are serious inadequate as its economics of scale-and scope. While the cost supplements based on load flow tracing methods will damage the market efficiency. The first and second market principles in transmission system introduced claim that both the market efficiency and the adequate capacity return must be accomplished at the same time. An invariability principle of load flow embedded capacity cost in proportion is introduced. And the transmission electricity value equivalent (EVE) pricing methods of type II are presented, which is adaptable to the primary stage of opening region electricity market and recommend to China. Finally a case study is given. The invariability principle is confirmed and the first and second market principles in transmission system are satisfied.

关 键 词：电力市场 输电系统 定价方法 当量电价 市场效率 投资回报 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济]