西安地区灞河河谷土壤侵蚀量研究  

Erosion Amount of Bahe River Valley in Xi'an Region

作　　者：杜娟[1] 赵景波[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2003年第4期398-402,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：教育部重大项目(01TAZJD770014);国家自然科学基金项目(40071006);中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG0306)共同资助

摘　　要：以野外调查测量与河谷侵蚀历史资料为依据,研究了灞河河谷土壤总侵蚀量和各阶段侵蚀量,并提出了非对称型河谷区与对称型河谷区的土壤侵蚀量计算公式。结果表明,灞河发育的5级阶地与河漫滩代表灞河发育以来共经历了6个明显的侵蚀阶段,各阶段侵蚀量均存在差别,从老到新,第一、三侵蚀阶段侵蚀强,第二、四、五阶段及河漫滩代表的侵蚀阶段侵蚀弱。河流侧向迁移造成的侵蚀量大于垂直下切产生的侵蚀量。蓝田县城附近57 3km2范围内侵蚀总量约为6 5km3。文中提出的计算河谷土壤侵蚀量的计算公式不仅适用于灞河河谷区,而且也适用于其他河谷区。这项研究对河谷区土壤侵蚀总量和分阶段侵蚀量的计算以及查明侵蚀强度变化规律有重要意义。On the basis of investigation and measurement in field and history data of erosion of river valley, the total erosion amount of the Bahe river valley in Xian region was studied, and the calculative formula of erosion amount of symmetric and nonsymmetrical river valley was given. The results show that the five terraces and relating flood plains of the Bahe river represent the six erosive stages, and there are differences on the erosion amount of every stage. From old to new, the first and the third stage are more intensive in erosion than the other four stages. The erosion amount is about 65 km3 in the area of 573 km2 nearby Lantian county, Shanxi province. The erosion amount produced by side erosion of river is more than that produced by vertical erosion. The formula for calculating the erosion amount of Bahe river valley is applicable for other river valleys. The study has considerable significance for calculating the total erosion amount and the erosion amount of every stage and further to find out the regularity of erosion intensity change.

关 键 词：西安市 灞河 河谷 土壤侵蚀 侵蚀量 计算公式 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] P931.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]